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Diffusion-based generative models have become dominant generators of high-fidelity images and videos but remain limited by their computationally expensive inference procedures. Existing acceleration techniques either require extensive model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Jiaqi Han , Haotian Ye , Puheng Li , Minkai Xu , James Zou , Stefano Ermon

Discrete diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for high-quality data generation. Despite their success in discrete spaces, such as text generation tasks, the acceleration of discrete diffusion models remains under-explored. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Zixiang Chen , Huizhuo Yuan , Yongqian Li , Yiwen Kou , Junkai Zhang , Quanquan Gu

Drawing from the theory of stochastic differential equations, we introduce a novel sampling method for known distributions and a new algorithm for diffusion generative models with unknown distributions. Our approach is inspired by the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-12 Xicheng Zhang

Diffusion models have emerged as a dominant framework for generative modeling, but their mathematical foundations are often presented separately through diffusion probabilistic models, score-based modeling, stochastic differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiayi Fu , Yuxia Wang

To generate data from trained diffusion models, most inference algorithms, such as DDPM, DDIM, and other variants, rely on discretizing the reverse SDEs or their equivalent ODEs. In this paper, we view such approaches as decomposing the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-28 Xunpeng Huang , Difan Zou , Hanze Dong , Yi Zhang , Yi-An Ma , Tong Zhang

Diffusion modeling (DM) has high-quality generative performance, and the sampling problem is an important part of the DM performance. Thanks to efficient differential equation solvers, the sampling speed can be reduced while higher sampling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Zitong Cheng

This is an expository article on the score-based diffusion models, with a particular focus on the formulation via stochastic differential equations (SDE). After a gentle introduction, we discuss the two pillars in the diffusion modeling --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Wenpin Tang , Hanyang Zhao

Diffusion models are widely recognized for generating high-quality and diverse images, but their poor real-time performance has led to numerous acceleration works, primarily focusing on UNet-based structures. With the more successful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Pengtao Chen , Mingzhu Shen , Peng Ye , Jianjian Cao , Chongjun Tu , Christos-Savvas Bouganis , Yiren Zhao , Tao Chen

Machine learning methods, such as diffusion models, are widely explored as a promising way to accelerate high-fidelity fluid dynamics computation via a super-resolution process from faster-to-compute low-fidelity input. However, existing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Ruoyan Li , Zijie Huang , Haixin Wang , Guancheng Wan , Yizhou Sun , Wei Wang

The diffusion model has demonstrated promising results in image generation, recently becoming mainstream and representing a notable advancement for many generative modeling tasks. Prior applications of the diffusion model for both fast…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-06-18 Cheng Jiang , Sitian Qian , Huilin Qu

Score-based generative models are a popular class of generative modelling techniques relying on stochastic differential equations (SDE). From their inception, it was realized that it was also possible to perform generation using ordinary…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-13 Joe Benton , George Deligiannidis , Arnaud Doucet

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generative tasks but suffer from high computational costs due to their iterative sampling process and quadratic attention costs. Existing training-free acceleration strategies that reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Ting Jiang , Yixiao Wang , Hancheng Ye , Zishan Shao , Jingwei Sun , Jingyang Zhang , Zekai Chen , Jianyi Zhang , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

Simulating parameter-dependent stochastic differential equations (SDEs) presents significant computational challenges, as separate high-fidelity simulations are typically required for each parameter value of interest. Despite the success of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-03 Minglei Yang , Sicheng He

A potent class of generative models known as Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) has become prominent. A forward diffusion process adds gradually noise to data, while a model learns to gradually denoise. Sampling from pre-trained DPMs is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Martin Gonzalez , Nelson Fernandez , Thuy Tran , Elies Gherbi , Hatem Hajri , Nader Masmoudi

Score-based diffusion models are a powerful class of generative models, but their practical use often depends on training neural networks to approximate the score function. Training-free diffusion models provide an attractive alternative by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Pengjun Wang , Zezhong Zhang , Minglei Yang , Feng Bao , Yanzhao Cao , Guannan Zhang

This work gives the asymptotic error distribution of the stochastic Runge--Kutta (SRK) method of strong order $1$ applied to Stratonovich-type stochastic differential equations. For dealing with the implicitness introduced in the diffusion…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Diancong Jin

The diffusion model has shown remarkable success in computer vision, but it remains unclear whether the ODE-based probability flow or the SDE-based diffusion model is more superior and under what circumstances. Comparing the two is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Yu Cao , Jingrun Chen , Yixin Luo , Xiang Zhou

We provide the first polynomial-time convergence guarantees for the probability flow ODE implementation (together with a corrector step) of score-based generative modeling. Our analysis is carried out in the wake of recent results obtaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Sitan Chen , Sinho Chewi , Holden Lee , Yuanzhi Li , Jianfeng Lu , Adil Salim

Diffusion models, which convert noise into new data instances by learning to reverse a diffusion process, have become a cornerstone in contemporary generative modeling. In this work, we develop non-asymptotic convergence theory for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Gen Li , Yuting Wei , Yuejie Chi , Yuxin Chen

A popular approach to sample a diffusion-based generative model is to solve an ordinary differential equation (ODE). In existing samplers, the coefficients of the ODE solvers are pre-determined by the ODE formulation, the reverse discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Guoqiang Zhang , Niwa Kenta , W. Bastiaan Kleijn