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Data attribution methods quantify the influence of training data on model outputs and are becoming increasingly relevant for a wide range of LLM research and applications, including dataset curation, model interpretability, data valuation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Cathy Jiao , Yijun Pan , Emily Xiao , Daisy Sheng , Niket Jain , Hanzhang Zhao , Ishita Dasgupta , Jiaqi W. Ma , Chenyan Xiong

Data Shapley provides a principled framework for attributing data's contribution within machine learning contexts. However, existing approaches require re-training models on different data subsets, which is computationally intensive,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jiachen T. Wang , Prateek Mittal , Dawn Song , Ruoxi Jia

Data attribution methods, which quantify the influence of individual training data points on a machine learning model, have gained increasing popularity in data-centric applications in modern AI. Despite a recent surge of new methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Weiyi Wang , Junwei Deng , Yuzheng Hu , Shiyuan Zhang , Xirui Jiang , Runting Zhang , Han Zhao , Jiaqi W. Ma

Data attribution has become an important component of pricing, auditing, and governance in machine learning pipelines, yet most attribution methods implicitly assume that attribution values faithfully reflect participants' contributions. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Xian Gao , Bo Hui , Min-Te Sun , Wei-Shinn Ku

Data Attribution (DA) is an emerging approach in the field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), aiming to identify influential training datapoints which determine model outputs. It seeks to provide transparency about the model and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Galip Ümit Yolcu , Moritz Weckbecker , Thomas Wiegand , Wojciech Samek , Sebastian Lapuschkin

Data attribution methods aim to answer useful counterfactual questions like "what would a ML model's prediction be if it were trained on a different dataset?" However, estimation of data attribution models through techniques like empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ari Karchmer , Martin Pawelczyk , Seth Neel

Training data attribution (TDA) methods aim to identify which training examples influence a model's predictions on specific test data most. By quantifying these influences, TDA supports critical applications such as data debugging,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Xingyuan Pan , Chenlu Ye , Joseph Melkonian , Jiaqi W. Ma , Tong Zhang

The increasing complexity of AI systems has made understanding their behavior critical. Numerous interpretability methods have been developed to attribute model behavior to three key aspects: input features, training data, and internal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Shichang Zhang , Tessa Han , Usha Bhalla , Himabindu Lakkaraju

As diffusion models become increasingly popular, the misuse of copyrighted and private images has emerged as a major concern. One promising solution to mitigate this issue is identifying the contribution of specific training samples in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Jinxu Lin , Linwei Tao , Minjing Dong , Chang Xu

Training data attribution (TDA) plays a critical role in understanding the influence of individual training data points on model predictions. Gradient-based TDA methods, popularized by \textit{influence function} for their superior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Shiyuan Zhang , Junwei Deng , Juhan Bae , Jiaqi Ma

The study of the attribution of input features to the output of neural network models is an active area of research. While numerous Explainable AI (XAI) techniques have been proposed to interpret these models, the systematic and automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Aria Nourbakhsh , Salima Lamsiyah , Adelaide Danilov , Christoph Schommer

In the current Large Language Model (LLM) ecosystem, creators have little agency over how their data is used, and LLM users may find themselves unknowingly plagiarizing existing sources. Attribution of LLM-generated text to LLM input data…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Amelie Wührl , Mattes Ruckdeschel , Kyle Lo , Anna Rogers

In recent years, training data attribution (TDA) methods have emerged as a promising direction for the interpretability of neural networks. While research around TDA is thriving, limited effort has been dedicated to the evaluation of…

Attribution methods have been developed to understand the decision-making process of machine learning models, especially deep neural networks, by assigning importance scores to individual features. Existing attribution methods often built…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-14 Huiqi Deng , Na Zou , Mengnan Du , Weifu Chen , Guocan Feng , Xia Hu

Data attribution seeks to trace model outputs back to training data. With the recent development of diffusion models, data attribution has become a desired module to properly assign valuations for high-quality or copyrighted training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Xiaosen Zheng , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Jing Jiang , Min Lin

Feature attribution methods are popular in interpretable machine learning. These methods compute the attribution of each input feature to represent its importance, but there is no consensus on the definition of "attribution", leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Yilun Zhou , Serena Booth , Marco Tulio Ribeiro , Julie Shah

Recent research has demonstrated that feature attribution methods for deep networks can themselves be incorporated into training; these attribution priors optimize for a model whose attributions have certain desirable properties -- most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Gabriel Erion , Joseph D. Janizek , Pascal Sturmfels , Scott Lundberg , Su-In Lee

While large text-to-image models are able to synthesize "novel" images, these images are necessarily a reflection of the training data. The problem of data attribution in such models -- which of the images in the training set are most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Sheng-Yu Wang , Alexei A. Efros , Jun-Yan Zhu , Richard Zhang

Attribution-based explanations are garnering increasing attention recently and have emerged as the predominant approach towards \textit{eXplanable Artificial Intelligence}~(XAI). However, the absence of consistent configurations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jiarui Duan , Haoling Li , Haofei Zhang , Hao Jiang , Mengqi Xue , Li Sun , Mingli Song , Jie Song

Data attribution for generative models seeks to quantify the influence of individual training examples on model outputs. Existing methods for diffusion models typically require access to model gradients or retraining, limiting their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Yutian Zhao , Chao Du , Xiaosen Zheng , Tianyu Pang , Min Lin
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