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Progress in graph neural networks has grown rapidly in recent years, with many new developments in drug discovery, medical diagnosis, and recommender systems. While this progress is significant, many networks are `black boxes' with little…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Eli Laird , Ayesh Madushanka , Elfi Kraka , Corey Clark

Designing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with novel chemistries is a longstanding challenge due to their large combinatorial space and complex 3D arrangements of the building blocks. While recent deep generative models have enabled…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-05 Nayoung Kim , Seongsu Kim , Sungsoo Ahn

Generative flow networks (GFlowNets) are a method for learning a stochastic policy for generating compositional objects, such as graphs or strings, from a given unnormalized density by sequences of actions, where many possible action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Nikolay Malkin , Moksh Jain , Emmanuel Bengio , Chen Sun , Yoshua Bengio

The design of protein sequences with desired functionalities is a fundamental task in protein engineering. Deep generative methods, such as autoregressive models and diffusion models, have greatly accelerated the discovery of novel protein…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Zitai Kong , Yiheng Zhu , Yinlong Xu , Hanjing Zhou , Mingzhe Yin , Jialu Wu , Hongxia Xu , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Tingjun Hou , Jian Wu

Anatomical trees play an important role in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Yet, accurately representing these structures poses significant challenges owing to their intricate and varied topology and geometry. Most existing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-18 Paula Feldman , Miguel Fainstein , Viviana Siless , Claudio Delrieux , Emmanuel Iarussi

Drug discovery is a complex process that involves multiple stages and tasks. However, existing molecular generative models can only tackle some of these tasks. We present Generalist Molecular generative model (GenMol), a versatile framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Seul Lee , Karsten Kreis , Srimukh Prasad Veccham , Meng Liu , Danny Reidenbach , Yuxing Peng , Saee Paliwal , Weili Nie , Arash Vahdat

Data-driven generative modeling has made remarkable progress by leveraging the power of deep neural networks. A reoccurring challenge is how to enable a model to generate a rich variety of samples from the entire target distribution, rather…

Graphics · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Nadav Schor , Oren Katzir , Hao Zhang , Daniel Cohen-Or

Although generative models hold promise for discovering molecules with optimized desired properties, they often fail to suggest synthesizable molecules that improve upon the known molecules seen in training. We find that a key limitation is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Evan R. Antoniuk , Peggy Li , Nathan Keilbart , Stephen Weitzner , Bhavya Kailkhura , Anna M. Hiszpanski

Generating molecular graphs is a challenging task due to their discrete nature and the competitive objectives involved. Diffusion models have emerged as SOTA approaches in data generation across various modalities. For molecular graphs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Prashanth Pombala , Gerrit Grossmann , Verena Wolf

Many score-based active learning methods have been successfully applied to graph-structured data, aiming to reduce the number of labels and achieve better performance of graph neural networks based on predefined score functions. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yinchuan Li , Zhigang Li , Wenqian Li , Yunfeng Shao , Yan Zheng , Jianye Hao

Flow matching is a recent framework to train generative models that exhibits impressive empirical performance while being relatively easier to train compared with diffusion-based models. Despite its advantageous properties, prior methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Quan Dao , Hao Phung , Binh Nguyen , Anh Tran

Navigating the vast chemical space of druggable compounds is a formidable challenge in drug discovery, where generative models are increasingly employed to identify viable candidates. Conditional 3D structure-based drug design (3D-SBDD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Kiwoong Yoo , Owen Oertell , Junhyun Lee , Sanghoon Lee , Jaewoo Kang

Recent research into solving vehicle routing problems (VRPs) has gained significant traction, particularly through the application of deep (reinforcement) learning for end-to-end solution construction. However, many current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Ni Zhang , Jingfeng Yang , Zhiguang Cao , Xu Chi

Flow-based generative models (Dinh et al., 2014) are conceptually attractive due to tractability of the exact log-likelihood, tractability of exact latent-variable inference, and parallelizability of both training and synthesis. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-11 Diederik P. Kingma , Prafulla Dhariwal

Conventional physically based rendering (PBR) pipelines generate photorealistic images through computationally intensive light transport simulations. Although recent deep learning approaches leverage diffusion model priors with geometry…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Shenghao Zhang , Runtao Liu , Christopher Schroers , Yang Zhang

Generative models have gained many researchers' attention in the last years resulting in models such as StyleGAN for human face generation or PointFlow for the 3D point cloud generation. However, by default, we cannot control its sampling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Patryk Wielopolski , Michał Koperski , Maciej Zięba

While Markov chain Monte Carlo methods (MCMC) provide a general framework to sample from a probability distribution defined up to normalization, they often suffer from slow convergence to the target distribution when the latter is highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Tristan Deleu , Yoshua Bengio

We present energy-based generative flow networks (EB-GFN), a novel probabilistic modeling algorithm for high-dimensional discrete data. Building upon the theory of generative flow networks (GFlowNets), we model the generation process by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Dinghuai Zhang , Nikolay Malkin , Zhen Liu , Alexandra Volokhova , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

Building on the success of diffusion models in visual generation, flow-based models reemerge as another prominent family of generative models that have achieved competitive or better performance in terms of both visual quality and inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Wenliang Zhao , Minglei Shi , Xumin Yu , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Structure-based drug design involves finding ligand molecules that exhibit structural and chemical complementarity to protein pockets. Deep generative methods have shown promise in proposing novel molecules from scratch (de-novo design),…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-09 Pavol Drotár , Arian Rokkum Jamasb , Ben Day , Cătălina Cangea , Pietro Liò