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We present substantial evidence demonstrating the benefits of integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with a Contextual Multi-Armed Bandit framework. Contextual bandits have been widely used in recommendation systems to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Parand A. Alamdari , Yanshuai Cao , Kevin H. Wilson

Extending large language models to effectively handle long contexts requires instruction fine-tuning on input sequences of similar length. To address this, we present LongAlign -- a recipe of the instruction data, training, and evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Yushi Bai , Xin Lv , Jiajie Zhang , Yuze He , Ji Qi , Lei Hou , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong , Juanzi Li

Clinical decision support systems require models that are not only highly accurate but also equitable and sensitive to the implications of missed diagnoses. In this study, we introduce a knowledge-guided in-context learning (ICL) framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Fatemeh Nazary , Yashar Deldjoo , Tommaso Di Noia , Eugenio di Sciascio

Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant potential for robotics applications, particularly task planning, by harnessing their language comprehension and text generation capabilities. However, in applications such as household…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Dongge Han , Trevor McInroe , Adam Jelley , Stefano V. Albrecht , Peter Bell , Amos Storkey

Navigating health questions can be daunting in the modern information landscape. Large language models (LLMs) may provide tailored, accessible information, but also risk being inaccurate, biased or misleading. We present insights from 4…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized human-AI interaction by enabling intuitive task execution through natural language prompts. Despite their potential, designing effective prompts remains a significant challenge, as small…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yuetian Mao , Junjie He , Chunyang Chen

The advent of ChatGPT and similar large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized the human-AI interaction and information-seeking process. Leveraging LLMs as an alternative to search engines, users can now access summarized information…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Ben Wang

In recent years, large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, these models often struggle with hallucinations and maintaining long term contextual relevance,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Sumedh Rasal

We study reinforcement learning (RL) fine-tuning of large language model (LLM) agents for long-horizon multi-turn tool use, where context length quickly becomes a fundamental bottleneck. Existing RL pipelines can suffer from degraded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Miao Lu , Weiwei Sun , Weihua Du , Zhan Ling , Xuesong Yao , Kang Liu , Jiecao Chen

Developing autonomous agents for web-based tasks is a core challenge in AI. While Large Language Model (LLM) agents can interpret complex user requests, they often operate as black boxes, making it difficult to diagnose why they fail or how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Orit Shahnovsky , Rotem Dror

Learning from human feedback has become a pivot technique in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, acquiring vast and premium human feedback is bottlenecked by time, labor, and human capability, resulting in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Ganqu Cui , Lifan Yuan , Ning Ding , Guanming Yao , Bingxiang He , Wei Zhu , Yuan Ni , Guotong Xie , Ruobing Xie , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Long context fine-tuning of large language models(LLMs) involves training on datasets that are predominantly composed of short sequences and a small proportion of longer sequences. However, existing approaches overlook this long-tail…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Xiulong Yuan , Hongtao Xu , Wenting Shen , Ang Wang , Xiafei Qiu , Jie Zhang , Yuqiong Liu , Bowen Yu , Junyang Lin , Mingzhen Li , Weile Jia , Yong Li , Wei Lin

Procedural planning aims to implement complex high-level goals by decomposition into sequential simpler low-level steps. Although procedural planning is a basic skill set for humans in daily life, it remains a challenge for large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Yujie Lu , Weixi Feng , Wanrong Zhu , Wenda Xu , Xin Eric Wang , Miguel Eckstein , William Yang Wang

Human-LLM conversations are increasingly becoming more pervasive in peoples' professional and personal lives, yet many users still struggle to elicit helpful responses from LLM Chatbots. One of the reasons for this issue is users' lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Rupak Sarkar , Bahareh Sarrafzadeh , Nirupama Chandrasekaran , Nagu Rangan , Philip Resnik , Longqi Yang , Sujay Kumar Jauhar

Multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems have shown strong potential in complex reasoning and collaborative decision-making tasks. However, most existing coordination schemes rely on static or full-context routing strategies, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Jun Liu , Zhenglun Kong , Changdi Yang , Fan Yang , Tianqi Li , Peiyan Dong , Joannah Nanjekye , Hao Tang , Geng Yuan , Wei Niu , Wenbin Zhang , Pu Zhao , Xue Lin , Dong Huang , Yanzhi Wang

When automating plan generation for a real-world sequential decision problem, the goal is often not to replace the human planner, but to facilitate an iterative reasoning and elicitation process, where the human's role is to guide the AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Guilhem Fouilhé , Rebecca Eifler , Antonin Poché , Sylvie Thiébaux , Nicholas Asher

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being increasingly employed in data science for tasks like data preprocessing and analytics. However, data scientists encounter substantial obstacles when conversing with LLM-powered chatbots and acting on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Bhavya Chopra , Ananya Singha , Anna Fariha , Sumit Gulwani , Chris Parnin , Ashish Tiwari , Austin Z. Henley

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various natural language tasks but often struggle with long-horizon planning problems requiring structured reasoning. This limitation has drawn interest in integrating neuro-symbolic approaches within…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Marcus Tantakoun , Xiaodan Zhu , Christian Muise

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into critical decision-making pipelines, a trend that raises the demand for robust and automated data analysis. Current approaches to dataset risk analysis are limited to manual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Panteleimon Rodis

Successful application of large language models (LLMs) to robotic planning and execution may pave the way to automate numerous real-world tasks. Promising recent research has been conducted showing that the knowledge contained in LLMs can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Ateeq Sharfuddin , Travis Breaux
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