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Language model (LM) agents have gained significant attention for their ability to autonomously complete tasks through interactions with environments, tools, and APIs. LM agents are primarily built with prompt engineering or supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Renxi Wang , Rifo Ahmad Genadi , Bilal El Bouardi , Yongxin Wang , Fajri Koto , Zhengzhong Liu , Timothy Baldwin , Haonan Li

Text Worlds are virtual environments for embodied agents that, unlike 2D or 3D environments, are rendered exclusively using textual descriptions. These environments offer an alternative to higher-fidelity 3D environments due to their low…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Peter A Jansen

We present Explainable XR, an end-to-end framework for analyzing user behavior in diverse eXtended Reality (XR) environments by leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for data interpretation assistance. Existing XR user analytics…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Yoonsang Kim , Zainab Aamir , Mithilesh Singh , Saeed Boorboor , Klaus Mueller , Arie E. Kaufman

Most adaptive AR storytelling systems define environmental semantics using simple object labels and spatial coordinates, limiting narratives to rigid, pre-defined logic. This oversimplification overlooks the contextual significance of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yusi Sun , Haoyan Guan , leith Kin Yep Chan , Yong Hong Kuo

Understanding dynamic outdoor environments requires capturing complex object interactions and their evolution over time. LiDAR-based 4D point clouds provide precise spatial geometry and rich temporal cues, making them ideal for representing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Changho Choi , Youngwoo Shin , Gyojin Han , Dong-Jae Lee , Junmo Kim

Immersive environments have gradually become standard for visualizing and analyzing large or complex datasets that would otherwise be cumbersome, if not impossible, to explore through smaller scale computing devices. However, this type of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Marco Cavallo , Mishal Dholakia , Matous Havlena , Kenneth Ocheltree , Mark Podlaseck

In the realm of web agent research, achieving both generalization and accuracy remains a challenging problem. Due to high variance in website structure, existing approaches often fail. Moreover, existing fine-tuning and in-context learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Michael Lutz , Arth Bohra , Manvel Saroyan , Artem Harutyunyan , Giovanni Campagna

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance in language-centric tasks. However, in agentic settings, LLMs often struggle to anticipate action consequences and adapt to environment dynamics, highlighting the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xiao Yu , Baolin Peng , Ruize Xu , Yelong Shen , Pengcheng He , Suman Nath , Nikhil Singh , Jiangfeng Gao , Zhou Yu

To further improve the learning efficiency and performance of reinforcement learning (RL), in this paper we propose a novel uncertainty-aware model-based RL (UA-MBRL) framework, and then implement and validate it in autonomous driving under…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Jingda Wu , Zhiyu Huang , Chen Lv

Extended reality (XR), encompassing Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR), is emerging as a transformative platform for medical education. Traditional methods such as textbooks, physical models, and cadaveric…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yuqing Wei , Yupeng Wang , Jiayi Zhao , Yanjun Liu , Huxin Gao , Jiewen Lai

Historically, LLMs have been trained using either autoregressive (AR) or masked language modeling (MLM) objectives, with AR models gaining dominance in recent years. However, AR models are inherently incapable of masked infilling, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Daniel Israel , Aditya Grover , Guy Van den Broeck

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has enjoyed significant recent progress thanks, in part, to the integration of deep learning techniques for modeling interactions in complex environments. This is naturally starting to benefit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Reza Torbati , Shubham Lohiya , Shivika Singh , Meher Shashwat Nigam , Harish Ravichandar

Due to technological development, Augmented Reality (AR) can be applied in different domains. However, innovative technologies refer to new interaction paradigms, thus creating a new experience for the user. This so-called User Experience…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Stefan Graser , Felix Kirschenlohr , Stephan Böhm

Despite the growing accessibility of augmented reality (AR) for visualization, existing computer-aided design (CAD) systems remain confined to traditional screens or require complex setups or predefined parameters, limiting immersion and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Oğuz Arslan , Artun Akdoğan , Mustafa Doga Dogan

Augmented Reality (AR) is transforming the way we interact with virtual information in the physical world. By overlaying digital content in real-world environments, AR enables new forms of immersive and engaging experiences. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Julian Rasch , Florian Müller , Francesco Chiossi

The combination of traditional rendering with neural networks in Deferred Neural Rendering (DNR) provides a compelling balance between computational complexity and realism of the resulting images. Using skinned meshes for rendering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Amit Raj , Julian Tanke , James Hays , Minh Vo , Carsten Stoll , Christoph Lassner

The paper investigates using a Large Language Model (LLM) to automatically perform web software tasks using click, scroll, and text input operations. Previous approaches, such as reinforcement learning (RL) or imitation learning, are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Heyi Tao , Sethuraman T , Michal Shlapentokh-Rothman , Derek Hoiem

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained and aligned to follow natural language instructions with only a handful of examples, and they are prompted as task-driven autonomous agents to adapt to various sources of execution environments.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yang Su

Localization and mapping is the foundational technology for augmented reality (AR) that enables sharing and persistence of digital content in the real world. While significant progress has been made, researchers are still mostly driven by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Paul-Edouard Sarlin , Mihai Dusmanu , Johannes L. Schönberger , Pablo Speciale , Lukas Gruber , Viktor Larsson , Ondrej Miksik , Marc Pollefeys

Wire bending is a technique used in manufacturing to mass-produce items such as clips, mounts, and braces. Recent advances in programmable wire bending have made this process increasingly accessible for custom fabrication. However, CNC wire…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Shuo Feng , Bo Liu , Yifan , Shan , Roy Zunder , Wei-Che Lin , Tri Dinh , Harald Haraldsson , Ofer Berman , Thijs Roumen