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Large language models show that simple autoregressive training can yield scalable and coherent generation, but extending this paradigm to speech remains challenging due to the entanglement of semantic and acoustic information. Most existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Luca Della Libera , Cem Subakan , Mirco Ravanelli

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful tool in advancing the Text-to-SQL task, significantly outperforming traditional methods.Nevertheless, as a nascent research field, there is still no consensus on the optimal prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Bin Zhang , Yuxiao Ye , Guoqing Du , Xiaoru Hu , Zhishuai Li , Chi Harold Liu , Zhiwei Xu , Guoliang Fan , Rui Zhao , Ziyue Li , Hangyu Mao

The recent advent of powerful Large-Language Models (LLM) provides a new conversational form of inquiry into historical memory (or, training data, in this case). We show that by augmenting such LLMs with vector embeddings from highly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Giselle Gonzalez Garcia , Christian Weilbach

Spoken Language Models (SLMs) are increasingly central to modern speech-driven applications, but performance degrades under acoustic shift - real-world noise, reverberation, and microphone variation. Prior solutions rely on offline domain…

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has sparked significant interest in extending their remarkable language capabilities to speech. However, modality alignment between speech and text still remains an open problem. Current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Chen Wang , Minpeng Liao , Zhongqiang Huang , Jinliang Lu , Junhong Wu , Yuchen Liu , Chengqing Zong , Jiajun Zhang

Human-computer interaction has traditionally relied on the acoustic channel, a dependency that introduces systemic vulnerabilities to environmental noise, privacy constraints, and physiological speech impairments. Silent Speech Interfaces…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-13 Kele Xu , Yifan Wang , Ming Feng , Qisheng Xu , Wuyang Chen , Yutao Dou , Cheng Yang , Huaimin Wang

Warning: This paper may contain texts with uncomfortable content. Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance in various tasks, including those involving multimodal data like speech. However, these models often exhibit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yi-Cheng Lin , Wei-Chih Chen , Hung-yi Lee

The recent success of large language models (LLMs) has attracted widespread interest to develop role-playing conversational agents personalized to the characteristics and styles of different speakers to enhance their abilities to perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yizhe Yang , Palakorn Achananuparp , Heyan Huang , Jing Jiang , Ee-Peng Lim

Existing Speech Language Model (SLM) scaling analysis paints a bleak picture. It predicts that SLMs require much more compute and data compared to text, leading some to question the feasibility of training high-quality SLMs. However, modern…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Gallil Maimon , Michael Hassid , Amit Roth , Yossi Adi

This survey provides a comprehensive review of research on multi-turn dialogue systems, with a particular focus on multi-turn dialogue systems based on large language models (LLMs). This paper aims to (a) give a summary of existing LLMs and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Zihao Yi , Jiarui Ouyang , Zhe Xu , Yuwen Liu , Tianhao Liao , Haohao Luo , Ying Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of natural language tasks, and recent efforts have sought to extend their capabilities to multimodal domains and resource-constrained environments. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yun-Da Tsai

Spoken language models (SLMs) have emerged as a unified paradigm for speech understanding and generation, enabling natural human machine interaction. However, while most progress has focused on semantic accuracy and instruction following,…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise for capturing contextual information in natural language processing tasks. We propose a novel approach to speaker diarization that incorporates the prowess of LLMs to exploit contextual…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-15 Tae Jin Park , Kunal Dhawan , Nithin Koluguri , Jagadeesh Balam

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly transforming materials science. This review examines recent LLM applications across the materials discovery pipeline, focusing on three key areas: mining scientific literature , predictive modelling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Fengxu Yang , Weitong Chen , Jack D. Evans

While Large Language Models (LLMs) are being quickly adapted to many domains, including healthcare, their strengths and pitfalls remain under-explored. In our study, we examine the effects of prompt engineering to guide Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Daniil Filienko , Yinzhou Wang , Caroline El Jazmi , Serena Xie , Trevor Cohen , Martine De Cock , Weichao Yuwen

While large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis through discrete tokenization paradigms, current architectures exhibit fundamental tensions between three critical dimensions: 1) irreversible loss of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yaodong Song , Hongjie Chen , Jie Lian , Yuxin Zhang , Guangmin Xia , Zehan Li , Genliang Zhao , Jian Kang , Jie Li , Yongxiang Li , Xuelong Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in various downstream tasks, inspiring the development of Speech Understanding Language Models (SULMs) to enable comprehensive speech-based interactions. However, most advanced…

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has outpaced traditional evaluation methodologies. This progress presents novel challenges, such as measuring human-like psychological constructs, moving beyond static and task-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Haoran Ye , Jing Jin , Yuhang Xie , Xin Zhang , Guojie Song

We introduce Speech ReaLLM, a new ASR architecture that marries "decoder-only" ASR with the RNN-T to make multimodal LLM architectures capable of real-time streaming. This is the first "decoder-only" ASR architecture designed to handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Frank Seide , Morrie Doulaty , Yangyang Shi , Yashesh Gaur , Junteng Jia , Chunyang Wu

The latest advancements in AI and deep learning have led to a breakthrough in large language model (LLM)-based agents such as GPT-4. However, many commercial conversational agent development tools are pipeline-based and have limitations in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Mina Foosherian , Hendrik Purwins , Purna Rathnayake , Touhidul Alam , Rui Teimao , Klaus-Dieter Thoben
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