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Molecule generation is a challenging open problem in cheminformatics. Currently, deep generative approaches addressing the challenge belong to two broad categories, differing in how molecules are represented. One approach encodes molecular…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-02 Marco Podda , Davide Bacciu , Alessio Micheli

Prediction of a molecule's 3D conformer ensemble from the molecular graph holds a key role in areas of cheminformatics and drug discovery. Existing generative models have several drawbacks including lack of modeling important molecular…

Unconditional generation -- the problem of modeling data distribution without relying on human-annotated labels -- is a long-standing and fundamental challenge in generative models, creating a potential of learning from large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Tianhong Li , Dina Katabi , Kaiming He

Synthesizability remains a critical bottleneck in generative molecular design. While recent advances have addressed synthesizability in 2D graphs, extending these constraints to 3D for geometry-based conditional generation remains largely…

Generating novel molecules is challenging, with most representations leading to generative models producing many invalid molecules. Spanning Tree-based Graph Generation (STGG) is a promising approach to ensure the generation of valid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau , Aristide Baratin , Kisoo Kwon , Boris Knyazev , Yan Zhang

Generating molecules with desired chemical properties presents a critical challenge in fields such as chemical synthesis and drug discovery. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning have significantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Chen Li , Huidong Tang , Ye Zhu , Yoshihiro Yamanishi

Deep generative models have shown significant promise in generating valid 3D molecular structures, with the GEOM-Drugs dataset serving as a key benchmark. However, current evaluation protocols suffer from critical flaws, including incorrect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Filipp Nikitin , Ian Dunn , David Ryan Koes , Olexandr Isayev

Molecular generation plays an important role in drug discovery and materials science, especially in data-scarce scenarios where traditional generative models often struggle to achieve satisfactory conditional generalization. To address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zimo Yan , Jie Zhang , Zheng Xie , Chang Liu , Yizhen Liu , Yiping Song

Predicting molecular conformations from molecular graphs is a fundamental problem in cheminformatics and drug discovery. Recently, significant progress has been achieved with machine learning approaches, especially with deep generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Minkai Xu , Lantao Yu , Yang Song , Chence Shi , Stefano Ermon , Jian Tang

State-of-the-art models for 3D molecular generation are based on significant inductive biases, SE(3), permutation equivariance to respect symmetry and graph message-passing networks to capture local chemistry, yet the generated molecules…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Carlos Vonessen , Charles Harris , Miruna Cretu , Pietro Liò

Retrieving molecular structures from tandem mass spectra is a crucial step in rapid compound identification. Existing retrieval methods, such as traditional mass spectral library matching, suffer from limited spectral library coverage,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yiwen Zhang , Keyan Ding , Yihang Wu , Xiang Zhuang , Yi Yang , Qiang Zhang , Huajun Chen

We consider molecule generation in 3D space using language models (LMs), which requires discrete tokenization of 3D molecular geometries. Although tokenization of molecular graphs exists, that for 3D geometries is largely unexplored. Here,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xiner Li , Limei Wang , Youzhi Luo , Carl Edwards , Shurui Gui , Yuchao Lin , Heng Ji , Shuiwang Ji

Molecule generation is a very important practical problem, with uses in drug discovery and material design, and AI methods promise to provide useful solutions. However, existing methods for molecule generation focus either on 2D graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Chenqing Hua , Sitao Luan , Minkai Xu , Rex Ying , Jie Fu , Stefano Ermon , Doina Precup

The task of deducing three-dimensional molecular configurations from their two-dimensional graph representations holds paramount importance in the fields of computational chemistry and pharmaceutical development. The rapid advancement of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-09 Bobin Yang , Jie Deng , Zhenghan Chen , Ruoxue Wu

Shape-based virtual screening is widely employed in ligand-based drug design to search chemical libraries for molecules with similar 3D shapes yet novel 2D chemical structures compared to known ligands. 3D deep generative models have the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Keir Adams , Connor W. Coley

De novo 3D molecule generation is a pivotal task in drug discovery. However, many recent geometric generative models struggle to produce high-quality 3D structures, even if they maintain 2D validity and topological stability. To tackle this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Danny Reidenbach , Filipp Nikitin , Olexandr Isayev , Saee Paliwal

Recent advances in fast sampling methods for diffusion models have demonstrated significant potential to accelerate generation on image modalities. We apply these methods to 3-dimensional molecular conformations by building on the recently…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-23 Romain Lacombe , Neal Vaidya

Molecule generation is advancing rapidly in chemical discovery and drug design. Flow matching methods have recently set the state of the art (SOTA) in unconditional molecule generation, surpassing score-based diffusion models. However,…

Designing molecular structures with desired chemical properties is an essential task in drug discovery and material design. However, finding molecules with the optimized desired properties is still a challenging task due to combinatorial…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-02 Masatsugu Yamada , Mahito Sugiyama

With the recent advances in machine learning for quantum chemistry, it is now possible to predict the chemical properties of compounds and to generate novel molecules. Existing generative models mostly use a string- or graph-based…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-14 Vitali Nesterov , Mario Wieser , Volker Roth