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As a long-term threat to the privacy of training data, membership inference attacks (MIAs) emerge ubiquitously in machine learning models. Existing works evidence strong connection between the distinguishability of the training and testing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Dingfan Chen , Ning Yu , Mario Fritz

Model explanations improve the transparency of black-box machine learning (ML) models and their decisions; however, they can also be exploited to carry out privacy threats such as membership inference attacks (MIA). Existing works have only…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Kavita Kumari , Murtuza Jadliwala , Sumit Kumar Jha , Anindya Maiti

The large model size, high computational operations, and vulnerability against membership inference attack (MIA) have impeded deep learning or deep neural networks (DNNs) popularity, especially on mobile devices. To address the challenge,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Yijue Wang , Chenghong Wang , Zigeng Wang , Shanglin Zhou , Hang Liu , Jinbo Bi , Caiwen Ding , Sanguthevar Rajasekaran

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) have been extensively studied in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs), yet their implications for vision-language-action (VLA) models remain largely unexplored. VLA models differ…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuefeng Peng , Mingzhe Li , Kejing Xia , Renhao Zhang , Amir Houmansadr

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) represent a promising alternative to autoregressive language models, using bidirectional masked token prediction. Yet their susceptibility to privacy leakage via Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuetian Chen , Kaiyuan Zhang , Yuntao Du , Edoardo Stoppa , Charles Fleming , Ashish Kundu , Bruno Ribeiro , Ninghui Li

Membership Inference Attacks have emerged as a dominant method for empirically measuring privacy leakage from machine learning models. Here, privacy is measured by the {\em{advantage}} or gap between a score or a function computed on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Ruihan Wu , Pengrun Huang , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) test whether a data point was part of a model's training set, posing serious privacy risks. Existing methods often depend on shadow models or heavy query access, which limits their practicality. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yongchao Huang , Pengfei Zhang , Shahzad Mumtaz

The state-of-the-art for membership inference attacks on machine learning models is a class of attacks based on shadow models that mimic the behavior of the target model on subsets of held-out nonmember data. However, we find that this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Pratiksha Thaker , Neil Kale , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Virginia Smith

With the rapid advancement of diffusion-based image-generative models, the quality of generated images has become increasingly photorealistic. Moreover, with the release of high-quality pre-trained image-generative models, a growing number…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Yan Pang , Tianhao Wang

Recent years have witnessed the tremendous success of diffusion models in data synthesis. However, when diffusion models are applied to sensitive data, they also give rise to severe privacy concerns. In this paper, we systematically present…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Hailong Hu , Jun Pang

This paper presents how to leak private information from a wireless signal classifier by launching an over-the-air membership inference attack (MIA). As machine learning (ML) algorithms are used to process wireless signals to make decisions…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-26 Yi Shi , Kemal Davaslioglu , Yalin E. Sagduyu

Generative diffusion models, including Stable Diffusion and Midjourney, can generate visually appealing, diverse, and high-resolution images for various applications. These models are trained on billions of internet-sourced images, raising…

The success of deep neural networks has driven numerous research studies and applications from Euclidean to non-Euclidean data. However, there are increasing concerns about privacy leakage, as these networks rely on processing private data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Zhanke Zhou , Jianing Zhu , Fengfei Yu , Xuan Li , Xiong Peng , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han

Tabular data sharing under privacy constraints is increasingly important for research and collaboration. Synthetic data generators (SDGs) are a promising solution, but synthetic data remains vulnerable to attacks, such as membership…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Davide Scassola , Andrea Coser , Sebastiano Saccani

Fine-tuned language models pose significant privacy risks, as they may memorize and expose sensitive information from their training data. Membership inference attacks (MIAs) provide a principled framework for auditing these risks, yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 David Ilić , David Stanojević , Kostadin Cvejoski

The proliferation of powerful Text-to-Video (T2V) models, trained on massive web-scale datasets, raises urgent concerns about copyright and privacy violations. Membership inference attacks (MIAs) provide a principled tool for auditing such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Li Wang , Wenyu Chen , Ning Yu , Zheng Li , Shanqing Guo

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) are widely used to empirically assess privacy risks in machine learning models, both providing model-level vulnerability metrics and identifying the most vulnerable training samples. State-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Joseph Pollock , Igor Shilov , Euodia Dodd , Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye

The increasing reliance on diffusion models for generating synthetic images has amplified concerns about the unauthorized use of personal data, particularly facial images, in model training. In this paper, we introduce a novel identity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Jayneel Vora , Aditya Krishnan , Nader Bouacida , Prabhu RV Shankar , Prasant Mohapatra

Recently, adapting the idea of self-supervised learning (SSL) on continuous speech has started gaining attention. SSL models pre-trained on a huge amount of unlabeled audio can generate general-purpose representations that benefit a wide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Wei-Cheng Tseng , Wei-Tsung Kao , Hung-yi Lee

Recommender systems have been successfully applied in many applications. Nonetheless, recent studies demonstrate that recommender systems are vulnerable to membership inference attacks (MIAs), leading to the leakage of users' membership…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Xiaoxiao Chi , Xuyun Zhang , Yan Wang , Lianyong Qi , Amin Beheshti , Xiaolong Xu , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Shuo Wang , Hongsheng Hu