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Langevin Dynamics is a Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE) central to sampling and generative modeling and is implemented via time discretization. Langevin Monte Carlo (LMC), based on the Euler-Maruyama discretization, is the simplest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Saravanan Kandasamy , Dheeraj Nagaraj

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework for generative tasks in deep learning. They decompose generative modeling into two computational primitives: deterministic neural-network evaluation and stochastic sampling. Current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Nihal Sanjay Singh , Mazdak Mohseni-Rajaee , Shaila Niazi , Kerem Y. Camsari

In computational system biology, the mesoscopic model of reaction-diffusion kinetics is described by a continuous time, discrete space Markov process. To simulate diffusion stochastically, the jump coefficients are obtained by a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-02-19 Lina Meinecke , Stefan Engblom , Andreas Hellander , Per Lötstedt

For continuous-time linear stochastic dynamical systems driven by Wiener processes, we consider the problem of designing ensemble filters when the observation process is randomly time-sampled. We propose a continuous-discrete McKean--Vlasov…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Aneel Tanwani , Olga Yufereva

Although diffusion models now occupy a central place in generative modeling, introductory treatments commonly assume Euclidean data and seldom clarify their connection to discrete-state analogues. This article is a self-contained primer on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-05 Vincent Pauline , Tobias Höppe , Kirill Neklyudov , Alexander Tong , Stefan Bauer , Andrea Dittadi

This study deals with continuous limits of interacting one-dimensional diffusive systems, arising from stochastic distortions of discrete curves with various kinds of coding representations. These systems are essentially of a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-09-09 Guy Fayolle , Cyril Furtlehner

We consider the inference problem for parameters in stochastic differential equation models from discrete time observations (e.g. experimental or simulation data). Specifically, we study the case where one does not have access to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-04-10 Sebastian Krumscheid

This paper proposes a probabilistic approach to the problem of intrinsic filtering of a system on a matrix Lie group with invariance properties. The problem of an invariant continuous-time model with discrete-time measurements is cast into…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Axel Barrau , Silvere Bonnabel

In this paper, we propose stochastic structure-preserving schemes to compute the effective diffusivity for particles moving in random flows. We first introduce the motion of particles using the Lagrangian formulation, which is modeled by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-24 Junlong Lyu , Zhongjian Wang , Jack Xin , Zhiwen Zhang

This work presents a comprehensive framework for enhanced diffusion modeling in fluid-structure interactions by combining the Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) with stochastic trajectories and high-order spectral boundary conditions. Using…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-10-31 Rômulo Damasclin Chaves dos Santos , Jorge Henrique de Oliveira Sales

Despite Flow Matching and diffusion models having emerged as powerful generative paradigms for continuous variables such as images and videos, their application to high-dimensional discrete data, such as language, is still limited. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Itai Gat , Tal Remez , Neta Shaul , Felix Kreuk , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Gabriel Synnaeve , Yossi Adi , Yaron Lipman

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful stochastic frameworks for high-dimensional inference and generation. However, existing applications to partial differential equations (PDEs) predominantly rely on physics-informed training…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Yi Bing , Liu Jia , Fu Jinyang , Peng Xiang

Diffusion (score-based) generative models have been widely used for modeling various types of complex data, including images, audios, and point clouds. Recently, the deep connection between forward-backward stochastic differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Weitao Du , Tao Yang , He Zhang , Yuanqi Du

Coupling arguments are a central tool for bounding the deviation between two stochastic processes, but traditionally have been limited to Wasserstein metrics. In this paper, we apply the shifted composition rule--an information-theoretic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-25 Jason M. Altschuler , Sinho Chewi

We consider a mean-field system of path-dependent stochastic interacting diffusions in random media over a finite time window. The interaction term is given as a function of the empirical measure and is allowed to be non-linear and path…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-03-03 Rangel Baldasso , Alan Pereira , Guilherme Reis

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is increasingly used to fine-tune diffusion models, but a key challenge arises from the mismatch between stochastic samplers used during training and deterministic samplers used during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Jiayuan Sheng , Hanyang Zhao , Haoxian Chen , David D. Yao , Wenpin Tang

Diffusion models have demonstrated exceptional performances in various fields of generative modeling, but suffer from slow sampling speed due to their iterative nature. While this issue is being addressed in continuous domains, discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Satoshi Hayakawa , Yuhta Takida , Masaaki Imaizumi , Hiromi Wakaki , Yuki Mitsufuji

In this paper, we provide a multiscale perspective on the problem of maximum marginal likelihood estimation. We consider and analyse a diffusion-based maximum marginal likelihood estimation scheme using ideas from multiscale dynamics. Our…

Computation · Statistics 2024-06-11 O. Deniz Akyildiz , Michela Ottobre , Iain Souttar

This paper uses the generator approach of Stein's method to analyze the gap between steady-state distributions of Markov chains and diffusion processes. Until now, the standard way to invoke Stein's method for this problem was to use the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-02-15 Anton Braverman

This paper introduces a stabilized finite element scheme for the Cahn--Hilliard cross-diffusion model, which is characterized by strongly coupled mobilities, nonlinear diffusion, and complex cross-diffusion terms. These features pose…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-08 Boyi Wang , Naresh Kumar , Jinyun Yuan