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We prove a conjecture of W. Hackbusch about tensor network states related to a perfect binary tree and train track tree. Tensor network states are used to present seemingly complicated tensors in a relatively simple and efficient manner.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-08-11 Weronika Buczyńska , Jarosław Buczyński , Mateusz Michałek

This work explores the representation of univariate and multivariate functions as matrix product states (MPS), also known as quantized tensor-trains (QTT). It proposes an algorithm that employs iterative Chebyshev expansions and Clenshaw…

Advanced tensor decomposition, such as Tensor train (TT) and Tensor ring (TR), has been widely studied for deep neural network (DNN) model compression, especially for recurrent neural networks (RNNs). However, compressing convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Miao Yin , Yang Sui , Siyu Liao , Bo Yuan

A network representation is useful for describing the structure of a large variety of complex systems. However, most real and engineered systems have multiple subsystems and layers of connectivity, and the data produced by such systems is…

Tensors offer a natural representation for many kinds of data frequently encountered in machine learning. Images, for example, are naturally represented as third order tensors, where the modes correspond to height, width, and channels.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-05 Jean Kossaifi , Aran Khanna , Zachary C. Lipton , Tommaso Furlanello , Anima Anandkumar

In pattern classification, polynomial classifiers are well-studied methods as they are capable of generating complex decision surfaces. Unfortunately, the use of multivariate polynomials is limited to kernels as in support vector machines,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Zhongming Chen , Kim Batselier , Johan A. K. Suykens , Ngai Wong

Deep neural networks have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in a variety of real-world applications. In order to obtain performance gains, these networks have grown larger and deeper, containing millions or even billions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Wenqi Wang , Yifan Sun , Brian Eriksson , Wenlin Wang , Vaneet Aggarwal

An increasing amount of collected data are high-dimensional multi-way arrays (tensors), and it is crucial for efficient learning algorithms to exploit this tensorial structure as much as possible. The ever-present curse of dimensionality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Kirandeep Kour , Sergey Dolgov , Martin Stoll , Peter Benner

The existing tensor networks adopt conventional matrix product for connection. The classical matrix product requires strict dimensionality consistency between factors, which can result in redundancy in data representation. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Hengling Zhao , Yipeng Liu , Xiaolin Huang , Ce Zhu

Tensor networks provide compact and scalable representations of high-dimensional data, enabling efficient computation in fields such as quantum physics, numerical partial differential equations (PDEs), and machine learning. This paper…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Julia Wei , Alec Dektor , Chungen Shen , Zaiwen Wen , Chao Yang

Tensor network (TN) techniques - often used in the context of quantum many-body physics - have shown promise as a tool for tackling machine learning (ML) problems. The application of TNs to ML, however, has mostly focused on supervised and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-02-14 Edward Gillman , Dominic C. Rose , Juan P. Garrahan

Tensor networks are a powerful tool for many-body ground states with limited entanglement. These methods can nonetheless fail for certain time-dependent processes - such as quantum transport or quenches - where entanglement growth is linear…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-05-20 Gabriela Wojtowicz , Justin E. Elenewski , Marek M. Rams , Michael Zwolak

Tensor Networks have emerged as a prominent alternative to neural networks for addressing Machine Learning challenges in foundational sciences, paving the way for their applications to real-life problems. This paper introduces tn4ml, a…

This work proposes an efficient numerical approach for compressing a high-dimensional discrete distribution function into a non-negative tensor train (NTT) format. The two settings we consider are variational inference and density…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Xun Tang , Rajat Dwaraknath , Lexing Ying

This paper is concerned with the approximation of tensors using tree-based tensor formats, which are tensor networks whose graphs are dimension partition trees. We consider Hilbert tensor spaces of multivariate functions defined on a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-09-11 Anthony Nouy

Compressed sensing extends from the recovery of sparse vectors from undersampled measurements via efficient algorithms to the recovery of matrices of low rank from incomplete information. Here we consider a further extension to the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-11-04 Holger Rauhut , Reinhold Schneider , Zeljka Stojanac

The Recurrent Neural Networks and their variants have shown promising performances in sequence modeling tasks such as Natural Language Processing. These models, however, turn out to be impractical and difficult to train when exposed to very…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-07 Yinchong Yang , Denis Krompass , Volker Tresp

A tensor is a multi-way array that can represent, in addition to a data set, the expression of a joint law or a multivariate function. As such it contains the description of the interactions between the variables corresponding to each of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-20 Alain Franc

Dynamic multilayer networks are frequently used to describe the structure and temporal evolution of multiple relationships among common entities, with applications in fields such as sociology, economics, and neuroscience. However,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-06 Runshi Tang , Runbing Zheng , Anru R. Zhang , Carey E. Priebe

Sum-product networks (SPNs) represent an emerging class of neural networks with clear probabilistic semantics and superior inference speed over graphical models. This work reveals a strikingly intimate connection between SPNs and tensor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Ching-Yun Ko , Cong Chen , Yuke Zhang , Kim Batselier , Ngai Wong
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