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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is gradually changing the practice of surgery with the advanced technological development of imaging, navigation and robotic intervention. In this article, the recent successful and influential applications of…

Medical Physics · Physics 2020-01-06 Xiao-Yun Zhou , Yao Guo , Mali Shen , Guang-Zhong Yang

AI-based systems are widely employed nowadays to make decisions that have far-reaching impacts on individuals and society. Their decisions might affect everyone, everywhere and anytime, entailing concerns about potential human rights…

In order to properly handle a dangerous Artificially Intelligent (AI) system it is important to understand how the system came to be in such a state. In popular culture (science fiction movies/books) AIs/Robots became self-aware and as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Roman V. Yampolskiy

As the adoption of machine learning models increases, ensuring robust models against adversarial attacks is increasingly important. With unsupervised machine learning gaining more attention, ensuring it is robust against attacks is vital.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Mathias Lundteigen Mohus , Jinyue Li

Persuasion is a fundamental aspect of communication, influencing decision-making across diverse contexts, from everyday conversations to high-stakes scenarios such as politics, marketing, and law. The rise of conversational AI systems has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Nimet Beyza Bozdag , Shuhaib Mehri , Xiaocheng Yang , Hyeonjeong Ha , Zirui Cheng , Esin Durmus , Jiaxuan You , Heng Ji , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

We empirically evaluate whether AI systems are more effective at attacking or defending in cybersecurity. Using CAI (Cybersecurity AI)'s parallel execution framework, we deployed autonomous agents in 23 Attack/Defense CTF battlegrounds.…

In the past few years, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been implemented in almost all verticals of human life. However, the results generated from the AI models often lag explainability. AI models often appear as a blackbox…

The democratization of generative AI introduces new forms of human-AI interaction and raises urgent safety, ethical, and cybersecurity concerns. We develop a socio-technical explanation for how generative AI enables and scales cybercrime.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Truong Jack Luu , Binny M. Samuel

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to greatly improve society, but as with any powerful technology, it comes with heightened risks and responsibilities. Current AI research lacks a systematic discussion of how to manage…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Dan Hendrycks , Mantas Mazeika

Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed various sectors and institutions, including education and healthcare. Although AI offers immense potential for innovation and problem solving, its integration also raises significant ethical…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-05 William Franz Lamberti

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is fundamentally reshaping various industries by enhancing decision-making processes, optimizing operations, and unlocking new opportunities for innovation. This paper explores the applications of AI across four…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Yijie Weng , Jianhao Wu , Tara Kelly , William Johnson

Nowadays, considering the speed of the processes and the amount of data used in cyber defense, it cannot be expected to have an effective defense by using only human power without the help of automation systems. However, for the effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Ensar Şeker

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have great potential to help address societal challenges that are both collective in nature and present at national or trans-national scale. Pressing challenges in healthcare, finance, infrastructure…

AI systems are increasingly being adopted across various domains and application areas. With this surge, there is a growing research focus and societal concern for actively involving humans in developing, operating, and adopting these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Muhammad Raees , Inge Meijerink , Ioanna Lykourentzou , Vassilis-Javed Khan , Konstantinos Papangelis

In July 2022, the Center for Security and Emerging Technology (CSET) at Georgetown University and the Program on Geopolitics, Technology, and Governance at the Stanford Cyber Policy Center convened a workshop of experts to examine the…

Artificial Intelligence techniques have evolved rapidly in recent years, revolutionising the approaches used to fight against cybercriminals. But as the cyber security field has progressed, so has malware development, making it an economic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Adam Wolsey

Penetration testing is a cornerstone of cybersecurity, traditionally driven by manual, time-intensive processes. As systems grow in complexity, there is a pressing need for more scalable and efficient testing methodologies. This systematic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-16 J. Alexander Curtis , Nasir U. Eisty

Generative AI technology has become increasingly integrated into our daily lives, offering powerful capabilities to enhance productivity. However, these same capabilities can be exploited by adversaries for malicious purposes. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Dayong Ye , Tianqing Zhu , Shang Wang , Bo Liu , Leo Yu Zhang , Wanlei Zhou , Yang Zhang

This paper undertakes a systematic review of relevant extant literature to consider the potential societal implications of the growth of AI in manufacturing. We analyze the extensive range of AI applications in this domain, such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-07 John P. Nelson , Justin B. Biddle , Philip Shapira

Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have sparked growing concerns among experts, policymakers, and world leaders regarding the potential for increasingly advanced AI systems to pose catastrophic risks. Although numerous risks…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Dan Hendrycks , Mantas Mazeika , Thomas Woodside
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