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LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation) has achieved remarkable success in the parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large models. The trained LoRA matrix can be integrated with the base model through addition or negation operation to improve performance…

In this paper, we propose WaterMark Detection (WMD), the first invisible watermark detection method under a black-box and annotation-free setting. WMD is capable of detecting arbitrary watermarks within a given reference dataset using a…

LLM watermarking has attracted attention as a promising way to detect AI-generated content, with some works suggesting that current schemes may already be fit for deployment. In this work we dispute this claim, identifying watermark…

Watermarking for large language models (LLMs) has emerged as an effective tool for distinguishing AI-generated text from human-written content. Statistically, watermark schemes induce dependence between generated tokens and a pseudo-random…

The widely adopted and powerful generative large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns about intellectual property rights violations and the spread of machine-generated misinformation. Watermarking serves as a promising approch to…

Digital watermarking is a promising solution for mitigating some of the risks arising from the misuse of automatically generated text. These approaches either embed non-specific watermarks to allow for the detection of any text generated by…

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) frameworks have shown significant promise in leveraging external knowledge to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs). However, conventional RAG methods often retrieve documents based…

Watermarking is a tool for actively identifying and attributing the images generated by latent diffusion models. Existing methods face the dilemma of image quality and watermark robustness. Watermarks with superior image quality usually…

In a data-driven world, datasets constitute a significant economic value. Dataset owners who spend time and money to collect and curate the data are incentivized to ensure that their datasets are not used in ways that they did not…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance, making them valuable digital assets with significant commercial potential. Unfortunately, the LLM and its API are susceptible to intellectual property theft.…

The indistinguishability of large language model (LLM) output from human-authored content poses significant challenges, raising concerns about potential misuse of AI-generated text and its influence on future model training. Watermarking…

Watermarking techniques for large language models (LLMs), which encode hidden information in the output so its source can be verified, have gained significant attention in recent days, thanks to their potential capability to detect…

The rapid proliferation of AI-generated images necessitates effective watermarking techniques to protect intellectual property and detect fraudulent content. While existing training-based watermarking methods show promise, they often…

We consider the emerging problem of identifying the presence and use of watermarking schemes in widely used, publicly hosted, closed source large language models (LLMs). We introduce a suite of baseline algorithms for identifying watermarks…

Existing watermarking methods for large language models (LLMs) mainly embed watermark by adjusting the token sampling prediction or post-processing, lacking intrinsic coupling with LLMs, which may significantly reduce the semantic quality…

The recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have sparked a growing apprehension regarding the potential misuse. One approach to mitigating this risk is to incorporate watermarking techniques into LLMs, allowing for the tracking…

Detecting whether copyright holders' works were used in LLM pretraining is poised to be an important problem. This work proposes using data watermarks to enable principled detection with only black-box model access, provided that the…

The growing use of large language models (LLMs) for sensitive applications has highlighted the need for effective watermarking techniques to ensure the provenance and accountability of AI-generated text. However, most existing watermarking…

Watermarking has emerged as a promising solution for tracing and authenticating text generated by large language models (LLMs). A common approach to LLM watermarking is to construct a green/red token list and assign higher or lower…

This paper presents a survey and taxonomy of LLM fingerprinting and watermarking for identity, ownership verification, provenance, and generated-content attribution. Large language models (LLMs) require substantial investments in data,…