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We perform (3+1)-dimensional simulations of primordial black hole (PBH) formation starting from the spheroidal super-horizon perturbations. We investigate how the ellipticity (prolateness or oblateness) affects the threshold of PBH…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-15 Chul-Moon Yoo , Tomohiro Harada , Hirotada Okawa

In this letter, we investigate the impact of non-spherical effects on the Primordial Black Hole mass function, based on the ellipticity-dependent threshold calculated by performing $3+1$ relativistic numerical simulations. We consider an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-13 Albert Escrivà , Chul-Moon Yoo

We present a complete analytic and semi-analytic study of gravitational collapse and primordial black hole (PBH) formation in the quadratic $f(R)$ model $f(R)=R+\alpha R^2$. We first derive the perturbative expansion around General…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-07 G. G. L. Nashed

In the model where Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) form from large primordial curvature (C) perturbations, i.e., CPBHs, constraints on PBH abundance provide in principle constraints on the primordial curvature power spectrum. This connection…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-15 Alba Kalaja , Nicola Bellomo , Nicola Bartolo , Daniele Bertacca , Sabino Matarrese , Ilia Musco , Alvise Raccanelli , Licia Verde

We numerically study the primordial black hole (PBH) formation by an isocurvature perturbation of a massless scalar field on super Hubble scales in the radiation-dominated universe. As a first step we perform simulations of spherically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-22 Chul-Moon Yoo , Tomohiro Harada , Shin'ichi Hirano , Hirotada Okawa , Misao Sasaki

See thesis for complete abstract. Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form in the early universe, and there are several mass windows in which their abundance today may be large enough to comprise a significant part of the dark matter density.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-06 Eloy de Jong

Using the concept of apparent horizon for dynamical black holes, we revisit the formation of primordial black holes (PBH) in the early universe for both linear and non-linear regimes. First, we develop the perturbation theory for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-06-28 Alireza Allahyari , Javad T. Firouzjaee , Ali Akbar Abolhasani

We consider the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs), during the radiation-dominated Universe, generated from the collapse of super-horizon curvature fluctuations that are overlapped with others on larger scales. Using a set of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-26 Albert Escrivà , Chul-Moon Yoo

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form in the early Universe, for instance during radiation domination, from the collapse of large-amplitude density perturbations shortly after horizon re-entry. This mechanism establishes an approximate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-25 Ashu Kushwaha , Teruaki Suyama

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are a compelling dark matter candidate and a unique probe of small-scale cosmological fluctuations. Their formation is usually attributed to large positive curvature perturbations, which collapse upon Hubble…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-24 Cristian Joana , Zi-Yan Yuwen

Primordial black-hole formation depends exponentially on the far tail of the primordial curvature-perturbation distribution. That sensitivity makes the small-scale collapse problem a sharp probe of primordial non-Gaussianity. We study the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-16 Owais Farooq , Romana Zahoor , Balungi Francis

We present a numerical investigation of the gravitational collapse of horizon-size density fluctuations to primordial black holes (PBHs) during the radiation-dominated phase of the Early Universe. The collapse dynamics of three different…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. C. Niemeyer , K. Jedamzik

Primordial black holes, which could have been formed in the very early Universe due to the collapse of large curvature fluctuations, are nowadays one of the most attractive and fascinating research areas in cosmology for their possible…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-27 Albert Escrivà

The formation and abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs) arising from the curvature perturbation $\zeta$ is studied. The non-linear relation between $\zeta$ and the density contrast $\delta$ means that, even when $\zeta$ has an exactly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-15 Sam Young , Ilia Musco , Christian T. Byrnes

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are black holes that might have formed in high density regions in the early universe. The presence of local-type non-Gaussianity can lead to large-scale fluctuations in the PBH formation rate. If PBHs make up a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-30 Raphaël van Laak , Sam Young

In this work, we explore the production of primordial black holes (PBHs) within the context of $\alpha$-attractor inflationary models, focusing on the preheating phase following inflation. During this phase, self-resonance instabilities…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-26 Daniel del-Corral , Paolo Gondolo , K. Sravan Kumar , João Marto

The primordial black hole (PBH) formation is studied in light of the inflating curvaton. The typical scale of the PBH formation is determined by curvaton inflation, which may generate PBH with $10^{14}\mathrm{g}\le M_\mathrm{PBH}\le…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-06-05 Kazunori Kohri , Chia-Min Lin , Tomohiro Matsuda

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may form in the early universe when pre-existing adiabatic density fluctuations enter into the cosmological horizon and recollapse. It has been suggested that PBH formation may be facilitated when fluctuations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Jedamzik , J. C. Niemeyer

The formation of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) through the collapse of large fluctuations in the early universe is a rare event. This manifests itself, for instance, through the non-Gaussian tail of the formation probability. To compute…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 V. De Luca , A. Riotto

In the curvaton scenario, the curvature perturbation is generated after inflation at the curvaton decay, which may have a prominent non-Gaussian effect. For a model with a non-trivial kinetic term, an enhanced curvature perturbation on a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-22 Shi Pi , Misao Sasaki
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