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Related papers: Predictability of Global AI Weather Models

200 papers

Can Large Language Models (LLMs) accurately predict election outcomes? While LLMs have demonstrated impressive performance in various domains, including healthcare, legal analysis, and creative tasks, their ability to forecast elections…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Chenxiao Yu , Zhaotian Weng , Yuangang Li , Zheng Li , Xiyang Hu , Yue Zhao

Modern deep learning techniques, which mimic traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) models and are derived from global atmospheric reanalysis data, have caused a significant revolution within a few years. In this new paradigm, our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Minjong Cheon , Daehyun Kang , Yo-Hwan Choi , Seon-Yu Kang

The atmosphere is chaotic. This fundamental property of the climate system makes forecasting weather incredibly challenging: it's impossible to expect weather models to ever provide perfect predictions of the Earth system beyond timescales…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-12-15 Elizabeth A. Barnes , Kirsten Mayer , Benjamin Toms , Zane Martin , Emily Gordon

We discuss an approach to probabilistic forecasting based on two chained machine-learning steps: a dimensional reduction step that learns a reduction map of predictor information to a low-dimensional space in a manner designed to preserve…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-28 Nick Rittler , Carlo Graziani , Jiali Wang , Rao Kotamarthi

Artificial Intelligence (AI) weather models are now reaching operational-grade performance for some variables, but like traditional Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, they exhibit systematic biases and reliability issues. We test…

The computational cost of dynamical downscaling limits ensemble sizes in regional downscaling efforts. We present a newly developed generative-AI approach to greatly expand the scope of such downscaling, enabling fine-scale future changes…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-10 Neelesh Rampal , Peter B. Gibson , Steven C. Sherwood , Laura E. Queen , Hamish Lewis , Gab Abramowitz

In this paper, we present Pangu-Weather, a deep learning based system for fast and accurate global weather forecast. For this purpose, we establish a data-driven environment by downloading $43$ years of hourly global weather data from the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-07 Kaifeng Bi , Lingxi Xie , Hengheng Zhang , Xin Chen , Xiaotao Gu , Qi Tian

Accurate time-series forecasting is crucial in various scientific and industrial domains, yet deep learning models often struggle to capture long-term dependencies and adapt to data distribution shifts over time. We introduce Future-Guided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Skye Gunasekaran , Assel Kembay , Hugo Ladret , Rui-Jie Zhu , Laurent Perrinet , Omid Kavehei , Jason Eshraghian

Weather prediction is a quintessential problem involving the forecasting of a complex, nonlinear, and chaotic high-dimensional dynamical system. This work introduces an efficient reduced-order modeling (ROM) framework for short-range…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Amirpasha Hedayat , Karthik Duraisamy

Ensemble weather predictions require statistical post-processing of systematic errors to obtain reliable and accurate probabilistic forecasts. Traditionally, this is accomplished with distributional regression models in which the parameters…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-01 Stephan Rasp , Sebastian Lerch

In a warming climate with more frequent severe weather, artificial intelligence (AI) weather models have the potential to provide cheaper, faster, and more accurate forecasts of high-impact weather events. To realize this potential, there…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Rebecca Baiman , Elizabeth A. Barnes , Ankur Mahesh

Recent advances in deep learning have significantly elevated weather prediction models. However, these models often falter in real-world scenarios due to their sensitivity to spatial-temporal shifts. This issue is particularly acute in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Lu Han , Xu-Yang Chen , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Deep learning models are widely used across computer vision and other domains. When working on the model induction, selecting the right architecture for a given dataset often relies on repetitive trial-and-error procedures. This procedure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yen-Chia Chen , Hsing-Kuo Pao , Hanjuan Huang

This paper demonstrates the feasibility of democratizing AI-driven global weather forecasting models among university research groups by leveraging Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) and freely available AI models, such as NVIDIA's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Iman Khadir , Shane Stevenson , Henry Li , Kyle Krick , Abram Burrows , David Hall , Stan Posey , Samuel S. P. Shen

Most operational climate services providers base their seasonal predictions on initialised general circulation models (GCMs) or statistical techniques that fit past observations. GCMs require substantial computational resources, which…

Time series forecasting based on deep architectures has been gaining popularity in recent years due to their ability to model complex non-linear temporal dynamics. The recurrent neural network is one such model capable of handling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Zexuan Yin , Paolo Barucca

Forecasting corporate financial distress increasingly requires capturing firms' adoption of transformative technologies such as artificial intelligence, yet model performance remains vulnerable to temporal distribution shifts as these…

General Economics · Economics 2026-04-07 Frederik Rech , Hussam Musa , Martin Šebeňa , Siele Jean Tuo

The field of meteorological forecasting has undergone a significant transformation with the integration of large models, especially those employing deep learning techniques. This paper reviews the advancements and applications of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Hailong Shu , Yue Wang , Weiwei Song , Huichuang Guo , Zhen Song

Numerical weather prediction has traditionally been based on physical models of the atmosphere. Recently, however, the rise of deep learning has created increased interest in purely data-driven medium-range weather forecasting with first…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Stephan Rasp , Nils Thuerey

Accurate weather forecasts are critical for societal planning and disaster preparedness. Yet these forecasts remain challenging to produce and evaluate, especially in regions with sparse observational coverage. Current evaluation of…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Aman Gupta , Aditi Sheshadri , Dhruv Suri