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Effective inclusion of physics-based knowledge into deep neural network models of dynamical systems can greatly improve data efficiency and generalization. Such a-priori knowledge might arise from physical principles (e.g., conservation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Franck Djeumou , Cyrus Neary , Eric Goubault , Sylvie Putot , Ufuk Topcu

A suite of impressive scientific discoveries have been driven by recent advances in artificial intelligence. These almost all result from training flexible algorithms to solve difficult optimization problems specified in advance by teams of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Ruairidh M. Battleday , Samuel J. Gershman

Computing the probability of a formula given the probabilities or weights associated with other formulas is a natural extension of logical inference to the probabilistic setting. Surprisingly, this problem has received little attention in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Vibhav Gogate , Pedro Domingos

Recent applications of machine learning, in particular deep learning, motivate the need to address the generalizability of the statistical inference approaches in physical sciences. In this letter, we introduce a modular physics guided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Suraj Pawar , Omer San , Burak Aksoylu , Adil Rasheed , Trond Kvamsdal

As the complexity of AI systems and their interactions with the world increases, generating explanations for their behaviour is important for safely deploying AI. For agents, the most natural abstractions for predicting behaviour attribute…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Alexis Bellot , Jonathan Richens , Tom Everitt

We postulate a principle stating that the initial condition of a physical system is typically algorithmically independent of the dynamical law. We argue that this links thermodynamics and causal inference. On the one hand, it entails…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-11-08 Dominik Janzing , Rafael Chaves , Bernhard Schoelkopf

Projecting climate change is a generalization problem: we extrapolate the recent past using physical models across past, present, and future climates. Current climate models require representations of processes that occur at scales smaller…

The success of machine learning algorithms generally depends on data representation, and we hypothesize that this is because different representations can entangle and hide more or less the different explanatory factors of variation behind…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-04-24 Yoshua Bengio , Aaron Courville , Pascal Vincent

The latest developments in Artificial Intelligence include diffusion generative models, quite popular tools which can produce original images both unconditionally and, in some cases, conditioned by some inputs provided by the user. Apart…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Stefano Scotta , Alberto Messina

Recent advances in statistical inference have significantly expanded the toolbox of probabilistic modeling. Historically, probabilistic modeling has been constrained to (i) very restricted model classes where exact or approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Andrés R. Masegosa , Rafael Cabañas , Helge Langseth , Thomas D. Nielsen , Antonio Salmerón

Recent artificial intelligence (AI) technologies show remarkable evolution in various academic fields and industries. However, in the real world, dynamic data lead to principal challenges for deploying AI models. An unexpected data change…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Jeng-Lin Li , Chih-Fan Hsu , Ming-Ching Chang , Wei-Chao Chen

Numerous studies have focused on learning and understanding the dynamics of physical systems from video data, such as spatial intelligence. Artificial intelligence requires quantitative assessments of the uncertainty of the model to ensure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Aoming Liang , Qi Liu , Lei Xu , Fahad Sohrab , Weicheng Cui , Changhui Song , Moncef Gabbouj

This paper elucidates the importance of governing an artificial intelligence model post-deployment and overseeing potential fluctuations in the distribution of present data in contrast to the training data. The concepts of data drift and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Carlos Mario Braga Ortuño , Blanca Martinez Donoso , Belén Muñiz Villanueva

The two fields of machine learning and graphical causality arose and developed separately. However, there is now cross-pollination and increasing interest in both fields to benefit from the advances of the other. In the present paper, we…

This paper discusses predictive inference and feature selection for generalized linear models with scarce but high-dimensional data. We argue that in many cases one can benefit from a decision theoretically justified two-stage approach:…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-09 Juho Piironen , Markus Paasiniemi , Aki Vehtari

Variable selection, also known as feature selection in machine learning, plays an important role in modeling high dimensional data and is key to data-driven scientific discoveries. We consider here the problem of detecting influential…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-09-24 Bo Jiang , Jun S. Liu

Prognostics and Health Management ensures the reliability, safety, and efficiency of complex engineered systems by enabling fault detection, anticipating equipment failures, and optimizing maintenance activities throughout an asset…

Participants in recent discussions of AI-related issues ranging from intelligence explosion to technological unemployment have made diverse claims about the nature, pace, and drivers of progress in AI. However, these theories are rarely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-21 Miles Brundage

Dynamical systems are frequently used to model biological systems. When these models are fit to data it is necessary to ascertain the uncertainty in the model fit. Here we present prediction deviation, a new metric of uncertainty that…

Applications · Statistics 2017-06-08 Benjamin Letham , Portia A. Letham , Cynthia Rudin , Edward P. Browne

AI systems are often used to make or contribute to important decisions in a growing range of applications, including criminal justice, hiring, and medicine. Since these decisions impact human lives, it is important that the AI systems act…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Duncan C McElfresh , Lok Chan , Kenzie Doyle , Walter Sinnott-Armstrong , Vincent Conitzer , Jana Schaich Borg , John P Dickerson