Related papers: Expected value of sample information calculations …
In designing external validation studies of clinical prediction models, contemporary sample size calculation methods are based on the frequentist inferential paradigm. One of the widely reported metrics of model performance is net benefit…
Background: Due to the finite size of the development sample, predicted probabilities from a risk prediction model are inevitably uncertain. We apply Value of Information methodology to evaluate the decision-theoretic implications of…
Background: The Expected Value of Sample Information (EVSI) determines the economic value of any future study with a specific design aimed at reducing uncertainty in a health economic model. This has potential as a tool for trial design;…
Investing efficiently in future research to improve policy decisions is an important goal. Expected Value of Sample Information (EVSI) can be used to select the specific design and sample size of a proposed study by assessing the benefit of…
Objectives: Value of information (VOI) analyses can help policy-makers make informed decisions about whether to conduct and how to design future studies. Historically, a computationally expensive method to compute the Expected Value of…
The Expected Value of Sample Information (EVSI) is used to calculate the economic value of a new research strategy. While this value would be important to both researchers and funders, there are very few practical applications of the EVSI.…
Background: Before being used to inform patient care, a risk prediction model needs to be validated in a representative sample from the target population. The finite size of the validation sample entails that there is uncertainty with…
The European Medicines Agency has in recent years allowed licensing of new pharmaceuticals at an earlier stage in the clinical trial process. When trial evidence is obtained at an early stage, the events of interest, such as disease…
Background: The Expected Value of Sample Information (EVSI) calculates the value of collecting additional information through a study with a given design. Standard EVSI analyses assume that the treatment recommendations based on the new…
Objective: The Expected Value of Sample Information (EVSI) quantifies the economic benefit of reducing uncertainty in a health economic model by collecting additional information. This has the potential to improve the allocation of research…
Contemporary sample size calculations for external validation of risk prediction models require users to specify fixed values of assumed model performance metrics alongside target precision levels (e.g., 95% CI widths). However, due to the…
The effective sample size (ESS) measures the informational value of a probability distribution in terms of an equivalent number of study participants. The ESS plays a crucial role in estimating the Expected Value of Sample Information…
This paper derives analytic expressions for the expected value of sample information (EVSI), the expected value of distribution information (EVDI), and the optimal sample size when data consists of independent draws from a bounded sequence…
Clinical prediction models are estimated using a sample of limited size from the target population, leading to uncertainty in predictions, even when the model is correctly specified. Generally, not all patient profiles are observed…
The expected value of information (EVI) is the most powerful measure of sensitivity to uncertainty in a decision model: it measures the potential of information to improve the decision, and hence measures the expected value of outcome.…
Background. The Expected Value of Sample Information (EVSI) measures the expected benefits that could be obtained by collecting additional data. Estimating EVSI using the traditional nested Monte Carlo method is computationally expensive…
In this paper, we first consider a Bayesian framework and model the "utility function" in terms of fuzzy random variables. On the basis of this model, we define the "prior (fuzzy) expected utility" associated with each action, and the…
Background: Clinical prediction models are increasingly used to inform healthcare decisions, but determining the minimum sample size for their development remains a critical and unresolved challenge. Inadequate sample sizes can lead to…
When evaluating the performance of a model for individualised risk prediction, the sample size needs to be large enough to precisely estimate the performance measures of interest. Current sample size guidance is based on precisely…
Over recent years Value of Information analysis has become more widespread in health-economic evaluations, specifically as a tool to perform Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis. This is largely due to methodological advancements allowing for…