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To fulfill user instructions, autonomous web agents must contend with the inherent complexity and volatile nature of real-world websites. Conventional paradigms predominantly rely on Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) or Offline Reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yuyu Guo , Wenjie Yang , Siyuan Yang , Ziyang Liu , Cheng Chen , Yuan Wei , Yun Hu , Yang Huang , Guoliang Hao , Dongsheng Yuan , Jianming Wang , Xin Chen , Hang Yu , Lei Lei , Peng Di

Large Language Model (LLM) web agents often struggle with long-horizon web navigation and web task completion in new websites, producing inefficient action sequences unless fine-tuned on environment-specific data. We show that…

Methods for navigation based on large-scale learning typically treat each episode as a new problem, where the agent is spawned with a clean memory in an unknown environment. While these generalization capabilities to an unknown environment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Gianluca Monaci , Rafael S. Rezende , Romain Deffayet , Gabriela Csurka , Guillaume Bono , Hervé Déjean , Stéphane Clinchant , Christian Wolf

This paper presents first successful steps in designing search agents that learn meta-strategies for iterative query refinement in information-seeking tasks. Our approach uses machine reading to guide the selection of refinement terms from…

Recent advancements in language models have demonstrated remarkable improvements in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as web navigation. Supervised learning (SL) approaches have achieved impressive performance while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Lucas-Andreï Thil , Mirela Popa , Gerasimos Spanakis

When deploying autonomous agents in the real world, we need effective ways of communicating objectives to them. Traditional skill learning has revolved around reinforcement and imitation learning, each with rigid constraints on the format…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Mark Woodward , Chelsea Finn , Karol Hausman

Understanding and following directions provided by humans can enable robots to navigate effectively in unknown situations. We present FollowNet, an end-to-end differentiable neural architecture for learning multi-modal navigation policies.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-09-20 Pararth Shah , Marek Fiser , Aleksandra Faust , J. Chase Kew , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

In this paper, we introduce Auto-Intent, a method to adapt a pre-trained large language model (LLM) as an agent for a target domain without direct fine-tuning, where we empirically focus on web navigation tasks. Our approach first discovers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jaekyeom Kim , Dong-Ki Kim , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Sungryull Sohn , Honglak Lee

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents improve through trial-and-error, but when reward is sparse and the agent cannot discover successful action sequences, learning stagnates. This has been a notable problem in training deep RL agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Evan Zheran Liu , Kelvin Guu , Panupong Pasupat , Tianlin Shi , Percy Liang

While much work on web agents emphasizes the promise of autonomously performing tasks on behalf of users, in reality, agents often fall short on complex tasks in real-world contexts and modeling user preference. This presents an opportunity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Faria Huq , Zora Zhiruo Wang , Frank F. Xu , Tianyue Ou , Shuyan Zhou , Jeffrey P. Bigham , Graham Neubig

We have developed a framework to reliably build agents capable of UI navigation. The state space is simplified from raw-pixels to a set of UI elements extracted from screen understanding, such as OCR and icon detection. The action space is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Wei Li

Traditional neural network training typically follows fixed, predefined optimization recipes, lacking the flexibility to dynamically respond to instabilities or emerging training issues. In this paper, we introduce Interactive Training, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Wentao Zhang , Yang Young Lu , Yuntian Deng

Learning is an inherently continuous phenomenon. When humans learn a new task there is no explicit distinction between training and inference. As we learn a task, we keep learning about it while performing the task. What we learn and how we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Mitchell Wortsman , Kiana Ehsani , Mohammad Rastegari , Ali Farhadi , Roozbeh Mottaghi

Training computer-use agents requires massive amounts of GUI interaction data, but manually annotating action trajectories at scale is prohibitively expensive. We present VideoAgentTrek, a scalable pipeline that automatically mines training…

The predominant approach for training web navigation agents is to gather human demonstrations for a set of popular websites and hand-written tasks, but it is becoming clear that human data is an inefficient resource. We develop a pipeline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Brandon Trabucco , Gunnar Sigurdsson , Robinson Piramuthu , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) poses significant challenges for agents to interpret natural language instructions and navigate complex 3D environments. While recent progress has been driven by large-scale pre-training and data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Tianyi Ma , Yue Zhang , Zehao Wang , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Recent studies in Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) train RL agents to execute natural-language navigation instructions in photorealistic environments, as a step towards robots that can follow human instructions. However, given the…

Natural environments such as forests and grasslands are challenging for robotic navigation because of the false perception of rigid obstacles from high grass, twigs, or bushes. In this work, we present Wild Visual Navigation (WVN), an…

Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) policies trained on offline datasets often exhibit degraded task performance when deployed in unfamiliar navigation environments at test time, where agents are typically evaluated without access to external…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Heeju Ko , Sungjune Kim , Gyeongrok Oh , Jeongyoon Yoon , Honglak Lee , Sujin Jang , Seungryong Kim , Sangpil Kim

In this paper, we presented a preliminary study for tactical driver behavior detection from untrimmed naturalistic driving recordings. While supervised learning based detection is a common approach, it suffers when labeled data is scarce.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Athma Narayanan , Yi-Ting Chen , Srikanth Malla