Related papers: A Foundation Model for the Solar Dynamics Observat…

Helioseismology and solar modelling have enjoyed a golden era thanks to decades-long surveys from ground-based networks such as for example GONG, BiSON, IRIS and the SOHO and SDO space missions which have provided high-quality helioseismic…

The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) was launched in December 1995 with a suite of instruments designed to answer long-standing questions about the Sun's internal structure, its extensive outer atmosphere, and the solar wind. This…

We present a multi-modal foundation model for astrophysical galaxy data, designed to map between simulation- and observation-based galactic features. Our encoder-only transformer flexibly ingests scalar quantities (e.g., redshifts, galaxy…

A spatial stochastic model is developed which describes the 3D nanomorphology of composite materials, being blends of two different (organic and inorganic) solid phases. Such materials are used, for example, in photoactive layers of hybrid…

The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO/HMI) provides continuous full-disk observations of solar oscillations. We develop a data-analysis pipeline based on the time-distance helioseismology method to…

The increasing frequency and severity of climate related disasters have intensified the need for real time monitoring, early warning, and informed decision-making. Earth Observation (EO), powered by satellite data and Machine Learning (ML),…

An essential ingredient in kinematic dynamo models is the velocity field within the solar convection zone. In particular, the differential rotation is now well constrained by helioseismic observations. Helioseismology also gives us…

Three independent sets of data: i). series of filtergrams obtained in line CaII K (393.416 nm) with the ground-based telescope Precision Solar Photometric Telescope (PSPT) of Mauna Loa Solar Observatory; ii). series of filtergrams of…

The anomalously slow rotation of the solar core is just one from a remarkable lists of fundamental indications showing that the solar core is somehow coupled to the surface activity cycle. On the other hand, the atmospheric, LSND and solar…

Understanding space weather is vital for the protection of our terrestrial and space infrastructure. In order to predict space weather accurately, large amounts of data are required, particularly in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectrum.…

The Sun's magnetic field is strongly structured over a broad range of scales. The magnetic spatial power spectral analysis provides a powerful tool to understand the various scales of magnetic fields and their interaction with plasma…

Healthcare data now span EHRs, medical imaging, genomics, and wearable sensors, but most diagnostic models still process these modalities in isolation. This limits their ability to capture early, cross-modal disease signatures. This paper…

Helioseismology is the study of the variations in the internal structure and properties of the dynamics of the Sun from measurements of its surface oscillations. With the 2010 launch of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) we are…

The Sun constitutes an excellent laboratory of fundamental physics. With the advent of helioseismology, we were able to probe its internal layers with unprecedented precision. However, the current state of solar modelling is still stained…

The increased amount of information provided by ongoing missions such as the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) represents a great challenge for the understanding of basic questions such as the internal structure of sunspots and how they…

A data and computation center for helioseismology has been set up at the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research in Germany to prepare for the SDO mission. Here we present the system infrastructure and the scientific aims of this…

Maps of the magnetic field at the Sun's surface are commonly used as boundary conditions in space-weather modeling. However, continuous observations are only available from the Sun's Earth-facing side. One commonly used approach to mitigate…

Geospatial foundation models (GFMs) for Earth observation often fail to perform reliably in environments underrepresented during pretraining. We introduce SHRUG-FM, a framework for reliability-aware prediction that enables GFMs to identify…

Both NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and the JAXA/NASA Hinode mission include spectropolarimetric instruments designed to measure the photospheric magnetic field. SDO's Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) emphasizes full-disk…

Given the rarity of significant solar flares compared to smaller ones, training effective machine learning models for solar activity forecasting is challenging due to insufficient data. This study proposes using generative deep learning…