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We use recurrence equations (alias difference equations) to enumerate the number of formula-representations of positive integers using only addition and multiplication, and using addition, multiplication, and exponentiation, where all the…
We initiate the complexity theoretic study of the problem of computing the bits of (real) algebraic numbers. This extends the work of Yap on computing the bits of transcendental numbers like \pi, in Logspace. Our main result is that…
We study non-standard number systems with negative base $-\beta$. Instead of the Ito-Sadahiro definition, based on the transformation $T_{-\beta}$ of the interval $\big[-\frac{\beta}{\beta+1},\frac{1}{\beta+1}\big)$ into itself, we suggest…
Answering affirmatively a 2007 problem of Chen, the first author proved that there is a unique representation basis $A$ of $\mathbb{Z}$ and a constant $c>0$ such that $$ A(-x,x)\ge c\sqrt{x} $$ for infinitely many positive integers $x$,…
Goodstein's principle is arguably the first purely number-theoretic statement known to be independent of Peano arithmetic. It involves sequences of natural numbers which at first appear to grow very quickly, but eventually decrease to zero.…
We present a new fully first order strongly hyperbolic representation of the BSSN formulation of Einstein's equations with optional constraint damping terms. We describe the characteristic fields of the system, discuss its hyperbolicity…
In this paper we study representations of real numbers in a numeral system with the base $a>1$ and alphabet (digits set) $A\equiv\{0,1,...,r\}$, $a-1<r\in N$ given by \[x=\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{\alpha_n}{a^n}\equiv…
This paper proposes a new framework for the optimization of excitation inputs for system identification. The optimization problem considered is to maximize a reduced Fisher information matrix in any of the classical D-, E-, or A-optimal…
We design an algorithm which finds an $\epsilon$-approximate stationary point (with $\|\nabla F(x)\|\le \epsilon$) using $O(\epsilon^{-3})$ stochastic gradient and Hessian-vector products, matching guarantees that were previously available…
Let $\alpha$ be a fixed quadratic irrational. Consider the Diophantine equation \[ y^a\ =\ q_{N_1} + \cdots + q_{N_K},\quad N_1 \geq \cdots \geq N_{K} \geq 0,\quad a, y \geq 2 \] where $(q_N)_{N\,\geq\,0}$ is the sequence of convergent…
Exact representations of real numbers such as the signed digit representation or more generally linear fractional representations or the infinite Gray code represent real numbers as infinite streams of digits. In earlier work by the first…
Numerical stochastic integration is a powerful tool for the investigation of quantum dynamics in interacting many body systems. As with all numerical integration of differential equations, the initial conditions of the system being…
Deterministic finite automata are one of the simplest and most practical models of computation studied in automata theory. Their conceptual extension is the non-deterministic finite automata which also have plenty of applications. In this…
Gaussian graphical model is a graphical representation of the dependence structure for a Gaussian random vector. It is recognized as a powerful tool in different applied fields such as bioinformatics, error-control codes, speech language,…
Bayesian optimization has shown to be a fundamental global optimization algorithm in many applications: ranging from automatic machine learning, robotics, reinforcement learning, experimental design, simulations, etc. The most popular and…
Positional numeration systems are a large family of numeration systems used to represent natural numbers. Whether the set of all representations forms a regular language or not is one of the most important questions that can be asked of…
Gaussian graphical models are widely used to infer dependence structures. Bayesian methods are appealing to quantify uncertainty associated with structural learning, i.e., the plausibility of conditional independence statements given the…
Codes arising from algebraic structures over number fields lead naturally to determinant optimization problems governed by arithmetic invariants. In this paper, we investigate $2\times 2$ space-time block codes defined over rings of…
Stochastic master equations are often used to describe conditional spin squeezing of atomic ensemble, but are limited so far to the systems with few atoms due to the exponentially increased Hilbert space. In this article, we present an…
The coupled quasilinear Keller-Segel-Navier-Stokes system $$ \left\{ \begin{array}{l} n_t+u\cdot\nabla n=\Delta n-\nabla\cdot(nS(x,n,c)\nabla c),\quad x\in \Omega, t>0, c_t+u\cdot\nabla c=\Delta c-c+n,\quad x\in \Omega, t>0, u_t+\kappa(u…