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Background: Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming artificial intelligence applications in healthcare due to their ability to understand, generate, and summarize complex medical text. They offer valuable support to clinicians,…

Most reported gains on agentic-LLM clinical benchmarks are often attributed to prompt engineering, yet our results suggest that larger improvements can come from architectural and engine-level design. We present MDIA, a Multi-agent…

Thematic analysis (TA) is a widely used qualitative approach for uncovering latent meanings in unstructured text data. TA provides valuable insights in healthcare but is resource-intensive. Large Language Models (LLMs) have been introduced…

Frontier large language models (LLMs), such as GPT-5, Claude 4.5, Gemini 3, Llama 4, and DeepSeek-R1, represent a transformative class of AI tools capable of revolutionizing various aspects of healthcare by generating human-like responses…

LLM-based agents have emerged as transformative tools capable of executing complex tasks through iterative planning and action, achieving significant advancements in understanding and addressing user needs. Yet, their effectiveness remains…

Purpose: We investigated the utilization of privacy-preserving, locally-deployed, open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) to extract diagnostic information from free-text cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) reports. Materials and…

Recent advances in artificial intelligence, particularly large language models LLMs, have shown promising capabilities in transforming rare disease research. This survey paper explores the integration of LLMs in the analysis of rare…

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the gold standard for non-invasive diagnosis of cardiac pathologies and is a fundamental pillar of cardiovascular medicine. Recent progress in deep learning has led to the development of robust automated…

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into medical applications has sparked widespread interest across the healthcare industry, from drug discovery and development to clinical decision support, assisting telemedicine, medical…

Medical decision-support and advising systems are critical for emergency physicians to quickly and accurately assess patients' conditions and make diagnosis. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare…

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have demonstrated strong capabilities across a wide range of tasks, and their application in the medical domain holds particular promise due to the demand for high generalizability and reliance on…

Biased AI-generated medical advice and misdiagnoses can jeopardize patient safety, making the integrity of AI in healthcare more critical than ever. As Large Language Models (LLMs) take on a growing role in medical decision-making,…

Digital health tools have the potential to significantly improve the delivery of healthcare services. However, their adoption remains comparatively limited due, in part, to challenges surrounding usability and trust. Large Language Models…

Large language models (LLMs) show promise for supporting clinicians in diagnostic communication by generating explanations and guidance for patients. Yet their ability to produce outputs that are both understandable and empathetic remains…

Reinforcement learning (RL), large language models (LLMs), and vision-language models (VLMs) have been widely studied in isolation. However, existing infrastructure lacks the ability to deploy agents from different decision-making paradigms…

The primary aim of this research was to address the limitations observed in the medical knowledge of prevalent large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, by creating a specialized language model with enhanced accuracy in medical advice.…

Diabetes is a chronic disease with a significant global health burden, requiring multi-stakeholder collaboration for optimal management. Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in various healthcare scenarios, but their…

The success of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in the medical auxiliary field shows great potential, allowing patients to engage in conversations using physiological signal data. However, general MLLMs perform poorly in cardiac…

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as transformative tools in medicine, with strong capabilities in language understanding, reasoning, and structured information extraction. Radiation oncology is particularly well suited for LLM…

Hospital call centers serve as the primary contact point for patients within a hospital system. They also generate substantial volumes of staff messages as navigators process patient requests and communicate with the hospital offices…