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Related papers: Instrumental variables: A non-asymptotic viewpoint

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We derive mean-unbiased estimators for the structural parameter in instrumental variables models with a single endogenous regressor where the sign of one or more first stage coefficients is known. In the case with a single instrument, there…

Applications · Statistics 2016-12-05 Isaiah Andrews , Timothy B. Armstrong

In this study, we investigate estimation and inference on a low-dimensional causal parameter in the presence of high-dimensional controls in an instrumental variable quantile regression. Our proposed econometric procedure builds on the…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-02-23 Jau-er Chen , Chien-Hsun Huang , Jia-Jyun Tien

Fixed effect estimators of nonlinear panel data models suffer from the incidental parameter problem. This leads to two undesirable consequences in applied research: (1) point estimates are subject to large biases, and (2) confidence…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-04-18 Shuowen Chen

Mediation analysis is critical to understanding the mechanisms underlying exposure-outcome relationships. In this paper, we identify the instrumental variable (IV)-direct effect of the exposure on the outcome not through the mediator, using…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-16 Kara E Rudolph , Oleg Sofrygin , Mark J van der Laan

Instrumental variable (IV) methods mitigate bias from unobserved confounding in observational causal inference but rely on the availability of a valid instrument, which can often be difficult or infeasible to identify in practice. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-08 Frances Dean , Jenna Fields , Radhika Bhalerao , Marie Charpignon , Ahmed Alaa

We study inference on linear functionals in the nonparametric instrumental variable (NPIV) problem with a discretely-valued instrument under a many-weak-instruments asymptotic regime, where the number of instrument values grows with the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-05 Lars van der Laan , Nathan Kallus , Aurélien Bibaut

Ambient air pollution measurements from regulatory monitoring networks are routinely used to support epidemiologic studies and environmental policy decision making. However, regulatory monitors are spatially sparse and preferentially…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-02 Wenlong Gong , Brian J. Reich , Joseph Guinness

Instrumental variables (IVs) are often continuous, arising in diverse fields such as economics, epidemiology, and the social sciences. Existing approaches for continuous IVs typically impose strong parametric models or assume homogeneous…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-17 Mei Dong , Lin Liu , Dingke Tang , Geoffrey Liu , Wei Xu , Linbo Wang

Non-standard distributional approximations have received considerable attention in recent years. They often provide more accurate approximations in small samples, and theoretical improvements in some cases. This paper shows that the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-12 Matias D. Cattaneo , Michael Jansson , Whitney K. Newey

The article is devoted to the nonparametric estimation of the quadratic covariation of non-synchronously observed It\^o processes in an additive microstructure noise model. In a high-frequency setting, we aim at establishing an asymptotic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-06-22 Markus Bibinger

We study the problem of estimating causal effects under hidden confounding in the following unpaired data setting: we observe some covariates $X$ and an outcome $Y$ under different experimental conditions (environments) but do not observe…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-22 Felix Schur , Niklas Pfister , Peng Ding , Sach Mukherjee , Jonas Peters

Estimating the joint effect of a multivariate, continuous exposure is crucial, particularly in environmental health where interest lies in simultaneously evaluating the impact of multiple environmental pollutants on health. We develop novel…

The impact of wildfire smoke on air quality is a growing concern, contributing to air pollution through a complex mixture of chemical species with important implications for public health. While previous studies have primarily focused on…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-10 Dafne Zorzetto , Jenna Landy , Corwin Zigler , Giovanni Parmigiani , Roberta De Vito

Uncertainty in the estimation of the causal effect in observational studies is often due to unmeasured confounding, i.e., the presence of unobserved covariates linking treatments and outcomes. Instrumental Variables (IV) are commonly used…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-30 M. Usaid Awan , Yameng Liu , Marco Morucci , Sudeepa Roy , Cynthia Rudin , Alexander Volfovsky

An important phenomenon in high dimensional biological data is the presence of unobserved covariates that can have a significant impact on the measured response. When these factors are also correlated with the covariate(s) of interest (i.e.…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-02 Chris McKennan , Dan Nicolae

This paper discusses endogenous treatment models with duration outcomes, competing risks and random right censoring. The endogeneity issue is solved using a discrete instrumental variable. We show that the competing risks model generates a…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-04 Jad Beyhum , Jean-Pierre Florens , Ingrid Van Keilegom

Alcohol misuse is a key target of public health strategies aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk. The effect of excessive alcohol consumption on blood pressure may vary systematically with individuals' unobserved propensity to engage in…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-11 Ashish Patel , Francis J DiTraglia , Stephen Burgess

Linear transformation model provides a general framework for analyzing censored survival data with covariates. The proportional hazards and proportional odds models are special cases of the linear transformation model. In biomedical…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-11 Sudheesh K. K. , Deemat C. Mathew , Litty Mathew , Min Xie

Measurement error can often be harmful when estimating causal effects. Two scenarios in which this is the case are in the estimation of (a) the average treatment effect when confounders are measured with error and (b) the natural indirect…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-04 Caleb H. Miles , Linda Valeri , Brent Coull

Instrumental variables are widely used to deal with unmeasured confounding in observational studies and imperfect randomized controlled trials. In these studies, researchers often target the so-called local average treatment effect as it is…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-24 Linbo Wang , Yuexia Zhang , Thomas S. Richardson , James M. Robins