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Long-tailed data distributions pose challenges for a variety of domains like e-commerce, finance, biomedical science, and cyber security, where the performance of machine learning models is often dominated by head categories while tail…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Haohui Wang , Weijie Guan , Jianpeng Chen , Zi Wang , Dawei Zhou

Most existing state-of-the-art video classification methods assume that the training data obey a uniform distribution. However, video data in the real world typically exhibit an imbalanced long-tailed class distribution, resulting in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Yufan Hu , Junyu Gao , Changsheng Xu

Many real-world image recognition problems, such as diagnostic medical imaging exams, are "long-tailed" $\unicode{x2013}$ there are a few common findings followed by many more relatively rare conditions. In chest radiography, diagnosis is…

Medical image datasets often exhibit long-tailed distributions due to the inherent challenges in medical data collection and annotation. In long-tailed contexts, some common disease categories account for most of the data, while only a few…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Tianyunxi Wei , Yijin Huang , Li Lin , Pujin Cheng , Sirui Li , Xiaoying Tang

Long-tailed class distributions are pervasive in multi-class medical datasets and pose significant challenges for deep learning models which typically underperform on tail classes with limited samples. This limitation is particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Jiaxiang Jiang , Mahesh Subedar , Omesh Tickoo

Long-tailed problems in healthcare emerge from data imbalance due to variability in the prevalence and representation of different medical conditions, warranting the requirement of precise and dependable classification methods. Traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Pankhi Kashyap , Pavni Tandon , Sunny Gupta , Abhishek Tiwari , Ritwik Kulkarni , Kshitij Sharad Jadhav

Medical multi-modal learning is critical for integrating information from a large set of diverse modalities. However, when leveraging a high number of modalities in real clinical applications, it is often impractical to obtain full-modality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Chenwei Wu , Zitao Shuai , Liyue Shen

Most of the medical tasks naturally exhibit a long-tailed distribution due to the complex patient-level conditions and the existence of rare diseases. Existing long-tailed learning methods usually treat each class equally to re-balance the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Lie Ju , Yicheng Wu , Lin Wang , Zhen Yu , Xin Zhao , Xin Wang , Paul Bonnington , Zongyuan Ge

In medical contexts, the imbalanced data distribution in long-tailed datasets, due to scarce labels for rare diseases, greatly impairs the diagnostic accuracy of deep learning models. Recent multimodal text-image supervised foundation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Sirui Li , Li Lin , Yijin Huang , Pujin Cheng , Xiaoying Tang

Deep learning models have gained remarkable performance on a variety of image classification tasks. However, many models suffer from limited performance in clinical or medical settings when data are imbalanced. To address this challenge, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-15 Long Gao , Chang Liu , Dooman Arefan , Ashok Panigrahy , Margarita L. Zuley , Shandong Wu

Graph classification, aiming at learning the graph-level representations for effective class assignments, has received outstanding achievements, which heavily relies on high-quality datasets that have balanced class distribution. In fact,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Siyu Yi , Zhengyang Mao , Wei Ju , Yongdao Zhou , Luchen Liu , Xiao Luo , Ming Zhang

Deep learning enables impressive performance in image recognition using large-scale artificially-balanced datasets. However, real-world datasets exhibit highly class-imbalanced distributions, yielding two main challenges: relative imbalance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Saurabh Sharma , Ning Yu , Mario Fritz , Bernt Schiele

In many real-world applications, the frequency distribution of class labels for training data can exhibit a long-tailed distribution, which challenges traditional approaches of training deep neural networks that require heavy amounts of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Richard Franklin , Jiawei Yao , Deyang Zhong , Qi Qian , Juhua Hu

Most existing methods that cope with noisy labels usually assume that the class distributions are well balanced, which has insufficient capacity to deal with the practical scenarios where training samples have imbalanced distributions. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Chaowei Fang , Lechao Cheng , Huiyan Qi , Dingwen Zhang

Training deep learning models on medical datasets that perform well for all classes is a challenging task. It is often the case that a suboptimal performance is obtained on some classes due to the natural class imbalance issue that comes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Suraj Kothawade , Atharv Savarkar , Venkat Iyer , Lakshman Tamil , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Rishabh Iyer

Recognizing images with long-tailed distributions remains a challenging problem while there lacks an interpretable mechanism to solve this problem. In this study, we formulate Long-tailed recognition as Domain Adaption (LDA), by modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Zhiliang Peng , Wei Huang , Zonghao Guo , Xiaosong Zhang , Jianbin Jiao , Qixiang Ye

Object frequency in the real world often follows a power law, leading to a mismatch between datasets with long-tailed class distributions seen by a machine learning model and our expectation of the model to perform well on all classes. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Muhammad Abdullah Jamal , Matthew Brown , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Liqiang Wang , Boqing Gong

It is not uncommon that real-world data are distributed with a long tail. For such data, the learning of deep neural networks becomes challenging because it is hard to classify tail classes correctly. In the literature, several existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Mengke Li , Yiu-ming Cheung , Yang Lu , Zhikai Hu , Weichao Lan , Hui Huang

In the real world, long-tailed data distributions are prevalent, making it challenging for models to effectively learn and classify tail classes. However, we discover that in the field of drug chemistry, certain tail classes exhibit higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yujia Su , Xinjie Li , Lionel Z. Wang

In this work, we tackle the challenging problem of long-tailed image recognition. Previous long-tailed recognition approaches mainly focus on data augmentation or re-balancing strategies for the tail classes to give them more attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Weide Liu , Zhonghua Wu , Yiming Wang , Henghui Ding , Fayao Liu , Jie Lin , Guosheng Lin