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Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging collaborative machine learning framework where multiple clients train the global model without sharing their own datasets. In FL, the model inconsistency caused by the local data heterogeneity across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Xuming An , Li Shen , Han Hu , Yong Luo

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a new paradigm for training machine learning models distributively without sacrificing data security and privacy. Learning models on edge devices such as mobile phones is one of the most common use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Sixing Yu , Phuong Nguyen , Ali Anwar , Ali Jannesari

Federated Learning (FL) often suffers from severe performance degradation when faced with non-IID data, largely due to local classifier bias. Traditional remedies such as global model regularization or layer freezing either incur high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Sunny Gupta , Nikita Jangid , Amit Sethi

Federated learning (FL) is a kind of distributed machine learning framework, where the global model is generated on the centralized aggregation server based on the parameters of local models, addressing concerns about privacy leakage caused…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Chenhao Xu , Youyang Qu , Yong Xiang , Longxiang Gao

Federated learning encounters a critical challenge of data heterogeneity, adversely affecting the performance and convergence of the federated model. Various approaches have been proposed to address this issue, yet their effectiveness is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Jinqian Chen , Jihua Zhu , Qinghai Zheng

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized training of machine learning models on distributed data while preserving privacy. However, in real-world FL settings, client data is often non-identically distributed and imbalanced, resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Gergely D. Németh , Eros Fanì , Yeat Jeng Ng , Barbara Caputo , Miguel Ángel Lozano , Nuria Oliver , Novi Quadrianto

Statistical heterogeneity is a root cause of tension among accuracy, fairness, and robustness of federated learning (FL), and is key in paving a path forward. Personalized FL (PFL) is an approach that aims to reduce the impact of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Shengkun Zhu , Jinshan Zeng , Sheng Wang , Yuan Sun , Xiaodong Li , Yuan Yao , Zhiyong Peng

Federated learning (FL) allows edge devices to collaboratively train models without sharing local data. As FL gains popularity, clients may need to train multiple unrelated FL models, but communication constraints limit their ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Haoran Zhang , Zejun Gong , Zekai Li , Marie Siew , Carlee Joe-Wong , Rachid El-Azouzi

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized devices while preserving data privacy. However, traditional FL suffers from communication overhead, system heterogeneity, and straggler effects. Asynchronous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Ali Forootani , Raffaele Iervolino

Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) faces persistent challenges, including domain heterogeneity from diverse client data, data imbalance due to skewed participation, and strict communication constraints. Traditional federated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Mincheol Jeon , Euinam Huh

Federated learning (FL) enables geographically dispersed edge devices (i.e., clients) to learn a global model without sharing the local datasets, where each client performs gradient descent with its local data and uploads the gradients to a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Heting Liu , Fang He , Guohong Cao

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning setting that enables many devices to jointly train a shared global model without the need to reveal their data to a central server. However, FL involves a frequent exchange of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Yuzhi Yang , Zhaoyang Zhang , Qianqian Yang

Federated Learning (FL) is the most widely adopted collaborative learning approach for training decentralized Machine Learning (ML) models by exchanging learning between clients without sharing the data and compromising privacy. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Madapu Amarlingam , Abhishek Wani , Adarsh NL

In federated learning (FL), accommodating clients with diverse resource constraints remains a significant challenge. A widely adopted approach is to use a shared full-size model, from which each client extracts a submodel aligned with its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Wenfei Liang , Wee Peng Tay

Federated learning enables a collaborative training and optimization of global models among a group of devices without sharing local data samples. However, the heterogeneity of data in federated learning can lead to unfair representation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Weikang Chen , Junping Du , Yingxia Shao , Jia Wang , Yangxi Zhou

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed training while preserving data privacy, but stragglers-slow or incapable clients-can significantly slow down the total training time and degrade performance. To mitigate the impact of stragglers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Honggu Kang , Seohyeon Cha , Jinwoo Shin , Jongmyeong Lee , Joonhyuk Kang

Federated learning is an emerging framework that builds centralized machine learning models with training data distributed across multiple devices. Most of the previous works about federated learning focus on the privacy protection and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Wei Du , Depeng Xu , Xintao Wu , Hanghang Tong

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training across multiple clients while preserving data privacy, yet it struggles with data heterogeneity, where clients' data are not distributed independently and identically (non-IID). This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Incheol Baek , Hyungbin Kim , Minseo Kim , Yon Dohn Chung

Ensuring the robustness of deep neural networks against adversarial attacks remains a fundamental challenge in computer vision. While adversarial training (AT) has emerged as a promising defense strategy, our analysis reveals a critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Kejia Zhang , Juanjuan Weng , Yuanzheng Cai , Zhiming Luo , Shaozi Li

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized approach, enabling multiple participants to collaboratively train a model while ensuring the protection of data privacy. The transmission of updates from numerous edge clusters to the server…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Haowei Li , Weiying Xie , Hangyu Ye , Jitao Ma , Shuran Ma , Yunsong Li
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