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Text-to-SQL, the task of translating natural language questions into SQL queries, plays a crucial role in enabling non-experts to interact with databases. While recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Haoyang Li , Shang Wu , Xiaokang Zhang , Xinmei Huang , Jing Zhang , Fuxin Jiang , Shuai Wang , Tieying Zhang , Jianjun Chen , Rui Shi , Hong Chen , Cuiping Li

Recent advances in agentic large language models (LLMs) have substantially improved Text-to-SQL, enabling users without database expertise to query databases intuitively. However, deploying agentic LLM-based Text-to-SQL systems in…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-10 You Peng , Youhe Jiang , Wenqi Jiang , Chen Wang , Binhang Yuan

High quality SQL corpus is essential for intelligent database. For example, Text-to-SQL requires SQL queries and correspond natural language questions as training samples. However, collecting such query corpus remains challenging in…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jiahui Li , Tongwang Wu , Yuren Mao , Yunjun Gao , Yajie Feng , Huaizhong Liu

NoSQL databases have become increasingly popular due to their outstanding performance in handling large-scale, unstructured, and semi-structured data, highlighting the need for user-friendly interfaces to bridge the gap between…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jinwei Lu , Yuanfeng Song , Zhiqian Qin , Haodi Zhang , Chen Zhang , Raymond Chi-Wing Wong

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting combined with large language models (LLMs) have achieved encouraging results on complex reasoning tasks. Text-to-SQL is a critical semantic parsing task that converts natural language questions into SQL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Xiping Liu , Zhao Tan

Text-to-SQL systems translate natural language (NL) questions into SQL queries, enabling non-technical users to interact with structured data. While large language models (LLMs) have shown promising results on the text-to-SQL task, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Yue Gong , Chuan Lei , Xiao Qin , Kapil Vaidya , Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy , Tim Kraska

The text-to-SQL task aims to convert natural language into Structured Query Language (SQL) without bias. Recently, text-to-SQL methods based on large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention. The core of mainstream…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Zeshun You , Jiebin Yao , Dong Cheng , Zhiwei Wen , Zhiliang Lu , Xianyi Shen

Query rewrite, which aims to generate more efficient queries by altering a SQL query's structure without changing the query result, has been an important research problem. In order to maintain equivalence between the rewritten query and the…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Zhaodonghui Li , Haitao Yuan , Huiming Wang , Gao Cong , Lidong Bing

Evaluating text-to-SQL systems remains largely fragile: correctness is typically judged by executing predicted and gold SQL queries on a single static database, even though the same queries may behave differently under alternative database…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mohammadamin Habibollah , Davood Rafiei

Traditional query processing relies on engines that are carefully optimized and engineered by many experts. However, new techniques and user requirements evolve rapidly, and existing systems often cannot keep pace. At the same time, these…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jiale Lao , Immanuel Trummer

Recent divide-and-conquer reasoning approaches, particularly those based on Chain-of-Thought (CoT), have substantially improved the Text-to-SQL capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, when applied to complex enterprise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Zhifeng Hao , Qibin Song , Ruichu Cai , Boyan Xu

Generating accurate SQL queries for user questions (text-to-SQL) has been a long-standing challenge since it requires a deep understanding of both the user's question and the corresponding database schema in order to retrieve the desired…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Zijin Hong , Zheng Yuan , Hao Chen , Qinggang Zhang , Feiran Huang , Xiao Huang

Text-to-SQL, which enables natural language interaction with databases, serves as a pivotal method across diverse industries. With new, more powerful large language models (LLMs) emerging every few months, fine-tuning has become incredibly…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Boyan Li , Jiayi Zhang , Ju Fan , Yanwei Xu , Chong Chen , Nan Tang , Yuyu Luo

Text-to-SQL, which maps natural language to SQL queries, has benefited greatly from recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs). While LLMs offer various paradigms for this task, including prompting and supervised fine-tuning (SFT), SFT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jinwang Song , Hongying Zan , Kunli Zhang , Lingling Mu , Yingjie Han , Haobo Hua , Min Peng

Text-to-SQL datasets are essential for training and evaluating text-to-SQL models, but existing datasets often suffer from limited coverage and fail to capture the diversity of real-world applications. To address this, we propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Hao Wang , Yuanfeng Song , Xiaoming Yin , Xing Chen

Text-to-SQL has emerged as a prominent research area, particularly with the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs). By enabling users to query databases through natural language rather than SQL, this technology significantly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yu-Jie Yang , Hung-Fu Chang , Po-An Chen

SQL-to-Text generation aims at translating structured SQL queries into natural language descriptions, thereby facilitating comprehension of complex database operations for non-technical users. Although large language models (LLMs) have…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Sriom Chakrabarti , Chuangtao Ma , Arijit Khan , Sebastian Link

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with complex Text-to-SQL queries that demand both sophisticated mathematical reasoning and intricate schema navigation. Existing methods often tackle these challenges in isolation, creating a fractured…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Xutao Mao , Tao Liu , Hongying Zan

Despite the significant advancements in Text-to-SQL (Text2SQL) facilitated by large language models (LLMs), the latest state-of-the-art techniques are still trapped in the in-context learning of closed-source LLMs (e.g., GPT-4), which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yang Qin , Chao Chen , Zhihang Fu , Ze Chen , Dezhong Peng , Peng Hu , Jieping Ye

With the development of the Large Language Models (LLMs), a large range of LLM-based Text-to-SQL(Text2SQL) methods have emerged. This survey provides a comprehensive review of LLM-based Text2SQL studies. We first enumerate classic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Liang Shi , Zhengju Tang , Nan Zhang , Xiaotong Zhang , Zhi Yang
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