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Large Language Models (LLMs) based on Transformers excel at text processing, but their reliance on prompts for specialized behavior introduces computational overhead. We propose a modification to a Transformer architecture that eliminates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Andrey Zhmoginov , Jihwan Lee , Max Vladymyrov , Mark Sandler

Empowering LLMs with the ability to precisely understand long contexts is crucial for many downstream applications. However, handling long contexts with conventional transformer architecture requires substantial training and inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zhenyu Li , Yike Zhang , Tengyu Pan , Yutao Sun , Zhichao Duan , Junjie Fang , Rong Han , Zixuan Wang , Jianyong Wang

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have been applied in diverse areas such as knowledge bases, human interfaces, and dynamic agents, and marking a stride towards achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). However, current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yunpeng Huang , Jingwei Xu , Junyu Lai , Zixu Jiang , Taolue Chen , Zenan Li , Yuan Yao , Xiaoxing Ma , Lijuan Yang , Hao Chen , Shupeng Li , Penghao Zhao

Transformers, especially the decoder-only variants, are the backbone of most modern large language models; yet we do not have much understanding of their expressive power except for the simple $1$-layer case. Due to the difficulty of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Lijie Chen , Binghui Peng , Hongxun Wu

Document-level neural machine translation (DNMT) has shown promising results by incorporating more context information. However, this approach also introduces a length bias problem, whereby DNMT suffers from significant translation quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Zhuocheng Zhang , Shuhao Gu , Min Zhang , Yang Feng

Linear transformers have emerged as a subquadratic-time alternative to softmax attention and have garnered significant interest due to their fixed-size recurrent state that lowers inference cost. However, their original formulation suffers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Jean Mercat , Igor Vasiljevic , Sedrick Keh , Kushal Arora , Achal Dave , Adrien Gaidon , Thomas Kollar

Large decoder-only language models (LLMs) are the state-of-the-art models on most of today's NLP tasks and benchmarks. Yet, the community is only slowly adopting these models for text embedding tasks, which require rich contextualized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Parishad BehnamGhader , Vaibhav Adlakha , Marius Mosbach , Dzmitry Bahdanau , Nicolas Chapados , Siva Reddy

Scaling language models to handle longer contexts introduces substantial memory challenges due to the growing cost of key-value (KV) caches. Motivated by the efficiency gains of hybrid models and the broad availability of pretrained large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xuan Zhang , Fengzhuo Zhang , Cunxiao Du , Chao Du , Tianyu Pang , Wei Gao , Min Lin

Modern large language models (LLMs) that rely on attention mechanisms are typically trained with fixed context lengths which enforce upper limits on the length of input sequences that they can handle at evaluation time. To use these models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Arka Pal , Deep Karkhanis , Manley Roberts , Samuel Dooley , Arvind Sundararajan , Siddartha Naidu

Document-level MT models are still far from satisfactory. Existing work extend translation unit from single sentence to multiple sentences. However, study shows that when we further enlarge the translation unit to a whole document,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Guangsheng Bao , Yue Zhang , Zhiyang Teng , Boxing Chen , Weihua Luo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been extensively researched and used in both academia and industry since the rise in popularity of the Transformer model, which demonstrates excellent performance in AI. However, the computational demands…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiedong Lang , Zhehao Guo , Shuyu Huang

Dialogue summarization helps readers capture salient information from long conversations in meetings, interviews, and TV series. However, real-world dialogues pose a great challenge to current summarization models, as the dialogue length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Yusen Zhang , Ansong Ni , Tao Yu , Rui Zhang , Chenguang Zhu , Budhaditya Deb , Asli Celikyilmaz , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah , Dragomir Radev

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in short video understanding tasks but face great challenges when applied to long video understanding. In contrast, Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit outstanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Hongchen Wei , Zhenzhong Chen

Long document summarization poses a significant challenge in natural language processing due to input lengths that exceed the capacity of most state-of-the-art pre-trained language models. This study proposes a hierarchical framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yuan-Jhe Yin , Bo-Yu Chen , Berlin Chen

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have yielded remarkable success across diverse fields. However, handling long contexts remains a significant challenge for LLMs due to the quadratic time and space complexity of attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Weijie Liu , Zecheng Tang , Juntao Li , Kehai Chen , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) with long context capabilities are integral to complex tasks in natural language processing and computational biology, such as text generation and protein sequence analysis. However, training LLMs directly on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Jinghan Yao , Sam Ade Jacobs , Masahiro Tanaka , Olatunji Ruwase , Hari Subramoni , Dhabaleswar K. Panda

Document-level context for neural machine translation (NMT) is crucial to improve the translation consistency and cohesion, the translation of ambiguous inputs, as well as several other linguistic phenomena. Many works have been published…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Christian Herold , Hermann Ney

The ability to extrapolate from short problem instances to longer ones is an important form of out-of-distribution generalization in reasoning tasks, and is crucial when learning from datasets where longer problem instances are rare. These…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Cem Anil , Yuhuai Wu , Anders Andreassen , Aitor Lewkowycz , Vedant Misra , Vinay Ramasesh , Ambrose Slone , Guy Gur-Ari , Ethan Dyer , Behnam Neyshabur

Encoder-only transformer models like BERT are widely adopted as a pre-trained backbone for tasks like sentence classification and retrieval. However, pretraining of encoder models with large-scale corpora and long contexts has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Issa Sugiura , Kouta Nakayama , Yusuke Oda

This work builds together two popular blocks of neural architecture, namely convolutional layers and Transformers, for large language models (LLMs). Non-causal conformers are used ubiquitously in automatic speech recognition. This work aims…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Prateek Verma