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Unlike Newtonian dynamics which is linear and obeys the strong equivalence principle, in any nonlinear gravitation such as Milgromian dynamics (MOND), the strong version of the equivalence principle is violated and the gravitational…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-03-23 Hosein Haghi , Amir E. Bazkiaei , Akram Hasani Zonoozi , Pavel Kroupa

Practically all the full-fledged MOND theories propounded to date are of the modified-gravity (MG) type: they modify only the Newtonian, Poisson action of the gravitational potential, or the general-relativistic Einstein-Hilbert action,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-11-17 Mordehai Milgrom

The MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is an attempt to modify the gravitation theory to solve the Dark Matter problem. This phenomenology is very successful at the galactic level. The main effect produced by MOND in the Solar System is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-14 A. Hees , W. M. Folkner , R. A. Jacobson , R. S. Park

A unique signature of the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) paradigm is its peculiar behavior in the vicinity of the points where the total Newtonian acceleration exactly cancels. In the Solar System, these are the saddle points of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Pasquale Galianni , Martin Feix , Hongsheng Zhao , Keith Horne

In recent work (Milgrom 2009, Blanchet & Novak 2011), the authors showed that MOdified Newton Dynamics (MOND) have a non-negligible secular perturbation effect on planets with large semi-major axes (gaseous planets) in the Solar System.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-16 Lucie Maquet , Frédéric Pierret

Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is an alternative to the dark matter hypothesis that attempts to explain the "missing gravity" problem in astrophysics and cosmology through a modification to objects' dynamics. Since its conception in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-29 Harry Desmond

Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a possible way to explain the flat galaxy rotation curves without invoking the existence of dark matter. It is however quite difficult to predict such a phenomenology in a consistent field theory, free…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 Jean-Philippe Bruneton , Gilles Esposito-Farese

I discuss a novel MOND effect that entails a correction to the dynamics of isolated mass systems even when they are deep in the Newtonian regime: systems whose extent R<<Rm, where Rm=sqrt(GM/a0) is the MOND radius, and M the total mass.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-09-24 Mordehai Milgrom

The works in this portfolio test the hypothesis that it is not possible to extrapolate the Newtonian inverse square law of gravity from Solar System to galaxy scales. In particular, I look into various tests of Modified Newtonian Dynamics…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-09-26 Indranil Banik

Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is an empirical theory originally proposed to explain the rotation curves of spiral galaxies by modifying the gravitational acceleration, rather than by invoking dark matter. Here,we set constraints on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-10-28 Fabio Iocco , Miguel Pato , Gianfranco Bertone

It was recently proposed that the effects usually attributed to particle dark matter on galaxy scales are due to the displacement of dark energy by baryonic matter, a paradigm known as emergent gravity. This formalism leads to predictions…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-03-22 Aurelien Hees , Benoit Famaey , Gianfranco Bertone

A new class of Kuiper belt objects that lie beyond Neptune with semimajor axes greater than 250 astronomical units show orbital anomalies that have been interpreted as evidence for an undiscovered ninth planet. We show that a modified…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-25 Katherine Jones-Smith , Harsh Mathur

The strong equivalence principle (SEP) distinguishes General Relativity from other viable theories of gravity. The SEP demands that the internal dynamics of a self-gravitating system under free-fall in an external gravitational field should…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-03-05 Kyu-Hyun Chae , Federico Lelli , Harry Desmond , Stacy S. McGaugh , Pengfei Li , James M. Schombert

We report an updated constraint on the Solar System quadrupole parameter $Q_2$, which encodes the external field effect predicted by modified gravity versions of the MOND paradigm. Using the dataset employed to compute the DE440 planetary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-24 R. S. Park , A. Hees , B. Famaey , H. Desmond , A. Durakovic

We test Milgromian dynamics (MOND) using wide binary stars (WBs) with separations of $2-30$ kAU. Locally, the WB orbital velocity in MOND should exceed the Newtonian prediction by $\approx 20\%$ at asymptotically large separations given the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-06 Indranil Banik , Charalambos Pittordis , Will Sutherland , Benoit Famaey , Rodrigo Ibata , Steffen Mieske , Hongsheng Zhao

We highlight phenomenological aspects of Verlinde's recent proposal to account for the mass anomalies in galactic systems without dark matter -- in particular in their relation to MOND. Welcome addition to the MOND lore as it is, this…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-18 Mordehai Milgrom , Robert H. Sanders

The discrepancy between two recently reported experimental values of the gravitational constant G was analysed within a differential version of MOND theory. In contrast to the most commonly accepted interpretation of MOND theory, it is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-04-14 Norbert Klein

The modified-inertia MOND is an approach that proposes a change in Newton's second law at small accelerations as an alternative to dark matter. Recently it was suggested that this approach can be tested in terrestrial laboratory…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Yu. Ignatiev

The modified newtonian dynamics (MOND) paradigm of Milgrom can boast of a number of successful predictions regarding galactic dynamics; these are made without the assumption that dark matter plays a significant role. MOND requires…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Jacob D. Bekenstein

At it stands, the $\Lambda CDM$ model does not anticipate the early emergence of massive galaxies. Canonical Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) seems to fail at late time solar system scale and Wide-Binary scales. To match data, a MOND…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-12 James C. C. Wong