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Commonsense reasoning is intuitive for humans but has been a long-term challenge for artificial intelligence (AI). Recent advancements in pretrained language models have shown promising results on several commonsense benchmark datasets.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Shikhar Singh , Nuan Wen , Yu Hou , Pegah Alipoormolabashi , Te-Lin Wu , Xuezhe Ma , Nanyun Peng

Social media plays a significant role in cross-cultural communication. A vast amount of this occurs in code-mixed and multilingual form, posing a significant challenge to Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools for processing such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Dwip Dalal , Vivek Srivastava , Mayank Singh

Supervised crowd counting relies heavily on costly manual labeling, which is difficult and expensive, especially in dense scenes. To alleviate the problem, we propose a novel unsupervised framework for crowd counting, named CrowdCLIP. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Dingkang Liang , Jiahao Xie , Zhikang Zou , Xiaoqing Ye , Wei Xu , Xiang Bai

We introduce DynaSent ('Dynamic Sentiment'), a new English-language benchmark task for ternary (positive/negative/neutral) sentiment analysis. DynaSent combines naturally occurring sentences with sentences created using the open-source…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Christopher Potts , Zhengxuan Wu , Atticus Geiger , Douwe Kiela

Identifying factors that make ad text attractive is essential for advertising success. This study proposes AdParaphrase v2.0, a dataset for ad text paraphrasing, containing human preference data, to enable the analysis of the linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Soichiro Murakami , Peinan Zhang , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Hiroya Takamura , Manabu Okumura

Mastering commonsense understanding and reasoning is a pivotal skill essential for conducting engaging conversations. While there have been several attempts to create datasets that facilitate commonsense inferences in dialogue contexts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Sarah E. Finch , Jinho D. Choi

Hate speech is a global phenomenon, but most hate speech datasets so far focus on English-language content. This hinders the development of more effective hate speech detection models in hundreds of languages spoken by billions across the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Paul Röttger , Debora Nozza , Federico Bianchi , Dirk Hovy

Pretrained language models, especially masked language models (MLMs) have seen success across many NLP tasks. However, there is ample evidence that they use the cultural biases that are undoubtedly present in the corpora they are trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Nikita Nangia , Clara Vania , Rasika Bhalerao , Samuel R. Bowman

Organizations increasingly depend on endpoint devices and corporate communication channels, yet they still face critical risks such as sensitive data leakage, suspicious user behavior, and the circulation of hateful or harmful language in…

Despite growing interest in automated hate speech detection, most existing approaches overlook the linguistic diversity of online content. Multilingual instruction-tuned large language models such as LLaMA, Aya, Qwen, and BloomZ offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Faeze Ghorbanpour , Daryna Dementieva , Alexander Fraser

Online harms are a growing problem in digital spaces, putting user safety at risk and reducing trust in social media platforms. One of the most persistent forms of harm is hate speech. To address this, we need tools that combine the speed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Paloma Piot , Diego Sánchez , Javier Parapar

Microblogging services such as Twitter are an increasingly important way to communicate, both for individuals and for groups through the use of hashtags that denote topics of conversation. However, groups can be easily blocked from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-10-03 Dustin Bachrach , Christopher Nunu , Dan S. Wallach , Matthew Wright

We present and analyze results from a pilot study that explores how crowdsourcing can be used in the process of generating distractors (incorrect answer choices) in multiple-choice concept inventories (conceptual tests of understanding). To…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Travis Scheponik , Enis Golaszewski , Geoffrey Herman , Spencer Offenberger , Linda Oliva , Peter A. H. Peterson , Alan T. Sherman

Most existing dialogue systems fail to respond properly to potentially unsafe user utterances by either ignoring or passively agreeing with them. To address this issue, we introduce ProsocialDialog, the first large-scale multi-turn dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Hyunwoo Kim , Youngjae Yu , Liwei Jiang , Ximing Lu , Daniel Khashabi , Gunhee Kim , Yejin Choi , Maarten Sap

Understanding how people argue across ideological divides online is important for studying political polarization, misinformation, and content moderation. Existing datasets capture only part of this problem: some preserve text but ignore…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Ta Thanh Thuy , Jiaqi Zhu , Xuan Liu , Lin Shang , Reihaneh Rabbany , Guillaume Rabusseau , Lihui Chen , Zheng Yilun , Sitao Luan

With the growth of online services, the need for advanced text classification algorithms, such as sentiment analysis and biased text detection, has become increasingly evident. The anonymous nature of online services often leads to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Dasol Choi , Jooyoung Song , Eunsun Lee , Jinwoo Seo , Heejune Park , Dongbin Na

Hate speech, offensive language, aggression, racism, sexism, and other abusive language are common phenomena in social media. There is a need for Artificial Intelligence(AI)based intervention which can filter hate content at scale. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Prashant Kapil , Asif Ekbal

There is a multitude of novel generative models for open-domain conversational systems; however, there is no systematic evaluation of different systems. Systematic comparisons require consistency in experimental design, evaluation sets,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Seolhwa Lee , Heuiseok Lim , João Sedoc

Automated counter-narratives (CN) offer a promising strategy for mitigating online hate speech, yet concerns about their affective tone, accessibility, and ethical risks remain. We propose a framework for evaluating Large Language Model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Mikel K. Ngueajio , Flor Miriam Plaza-del-Arco , Yi-Ling Chung , Danda B. Rawat , Amanda Cercas Curry

Crowdsourced annotation is vital to both collecting labelled data to train and test automated content moderation systems and to support human-in-the-loop review of system decisions. However, annotation tasks such as judging hate speech are…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Danula Hettiachchi , Indigo Holcombe-James , Stephanie Livingstone , Anjalee de Silva , Matthew Lease , Flora D. Salim , Mark Sanderson