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The lack of contextual information in text data can make the annotation process of text-based emotion classification datasets challenging. As a result, such datasets often contain labels that fail to consider all the relevant emotions in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Daniel Yang , Aditya Kommineni , Mohammad Alshehri , Nilamadhab Mohanty , Vedant Modi , Jonathan Gratch , Shrikanth Narayanan

Automating information extraction from form-like documents at scale is a pressing need due to its potential impact on automating business workflows across many industries like financial services, insurance, and healthcare. The key challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Beliz Gunel , Navneet Potti , Sandeep Tata , James B. Wendt , Marc Najork , Jing Xie

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has rapidly increased the need for high-quality, curated information retrieval datasets. These datasets, however, are currently created with off-the-shelf…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Sameh Khattab , Marie Bauer , Lukas Heine , Till Rostalski , Jens Kleesiek , Julian Friedrich

As the number of applications that use machine learning algorithms increases, the need for labeled data useful for training such algorithms intensifies. Getting labels typically involves employing humans to do the annotation, which directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-07-16 Alexandros Ntoulas , Omar Alonso , Vasilis Kandylas

This handbook is a hands-on guide on how to approach text annotation tasks. It provides a gentle introduction to the topic, an overview of theoretical concepts as well as practical advice. The topics covered are mostly technical, but…

High-quality data is essential for conversational recommendation systems and serves as the cornerstone of the network architecture development and training strategy design. Existing works contribute heavy human efforts to manually labeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Yu Lu , Junwei Bao , Zichen Ma , Xiaoguang Han , Youzheng Wu , Shuguang Cui , Xiaodong He

Business documents come in a variety of structures, formats and information needs which makes information extraction a challenging task. Due to these variations, having a document generic model which can work well across all types of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Neelesh K Shukla , Msp Raja , Raghu Katikeri , Amit Vaid

The analytical description of charts is an exciting and important research area with many applications in academia and industry. Yet, this challenging task has received limited attention from the computational linguistics research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Jiawen Zhu , Jinye Ran , Roy Ka-wei Lee , Kenny Choo , Zhi Li

The role of conversational assistants has become more prevalent in helping people increase their productivity. Document-centered assistance, for example to help an individual quickly review a document, has seen less significant progress,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Maartje ter Hoeve , Robert Sim , Elnaz Nouri , Adam Fourney , Maarten de Rijke , Ryen W. White

We present data augmentation techniques for process extraction tasks in scientific publications. We cast the process extraction task as a sequence labeling task where we identify all the entities in a sentence and label them according to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Yuni Susanti

While supervised learning has achieved significant success in computer vision tasks, acquiring high-quality annotated data remains a bottleneck. This paper explores both scholarly and non-scholarly works in AI-assistive deep learning image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Moseli Mots'oehli

The extraction of process models from text refers to the problem of turning the information contained in an unstructured textual process descriptions into a formal representation,i.e.,a process model. Several automated approaches have been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Patrizio Bellan , Mauro Dragoni , Chiara Ghidini , Han van der Aa , Simone Paolo Ponzetto

The process of annotating data within the legal sector is filled with distinct challenges that differ from other fields, primarily due to the inherent complexities of legal language and documentation. The initial task usually involves…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Harshil Darji , Jelena Mitrović , Michael Granitzer

Extracting workflow nets from textual descriptions can be used to simplify guidelines or formalize textual descriptions of formal processes like business processes and algorithms. The task of manually extracting processes, however, requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Nils Freyer , Dustin Thewes , Matthias Meinecke

Data annotated by humans is a source of knowledge by describing the peculiarities of the problem and therefore fueling the decision process of the trained model. Unfortunately, the annotation process for subjective natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Kamil Kanclerz , Julita Bielaniewicz , Marcin Gruza , Jan Kocon , Stanisław Woźniak , Przemysław Kazienko

The significance and abundance of data are increasing due to the growing digital data generated from social media, sensors, scholarly literature, patents, different forms of documents published online, databases, product manuals, etc.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Workneh Yilma Ayele

We present CiteAssist, a system to automate the generation of BibTeX entries for preprints, streamlining the process of bibliographic annotation. Our system extracts metadata, such as author names, titles, publication dates, and keywords,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Lars Benedikt Kaesberg , Terry Ruas , Jan Philip Wahle , Bela Gipp

Detecting assistance from artificial intelligence is increasingly important as they become ubiquitous across complex tasks such as text generation, medical diagnosis, and autonomous driving. Aid detection is challenging for humans,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Tyler King , Nikolos Gurney , John H. Miller , Volkan Ustun

Bioinformatics workflows are essential for complex biological data analyses and are often described in scientific articles with source code in public repositories. Extracting detailed workflow information from articles can improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Clémence Sebe , Sarah Cohen-Boulakia , Olivier Ferret , Aurélie Névéol

A major challenge in the field of Text Generation is evaluation: Human evaluations are cost-intensive, and automated metrics often display considerable disagreement with human judgments. In this paper, we propose a statistical model of Text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Jan Deriu , Pius von Däniken , Don Tuggener , Mark Cieliebak