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Set-valued prediction is a well-known concept in multi-class classification. When a classifier is uncertain about the class label for a test instance, it can predict a set of classes instead of a single class. In this paper, we focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Thomas Mortier , Eyke Hüllermeier , Krzysztof Dembczyński , Willem Waegeman

People use search engines for various topics and items, from daily essentials to more aspirational and specialized objects. Therefore, search engines have taken over as peoples preferred resource. The How To prefix has become familiar and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Tanjim Taharat Aurpa , Md Shoaib Ahmed , Md Mahbubur Rahman , Md. Golam Moazzam

Segmenting text into semantically coherent segments is an important task with applications in information retrieval and text summarization. Developing accurate topical segmentation requires the availability of training data with ground…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Saurav Manchanda , George Karypis

Deploying deep neural networks for risk-sensitive tasks necessitates an uncertainty estimation mechanism. This paper introduces hierarchical selective classification, extending selective classification to a hierarchical setting. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shani Goren , Ido Galil , Ran El-Yaniv

Multi-Label Text Classification (MLTC) aims to assign the most relevant labels to each given text. Existing methods demonstrate that label dependency can help to improve the model's performance. However, the introduction of label dependency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Caoyun Fan , Wenqing Chen , Jidong Tian , Yitian Li , Hao He , Yaohui Jin

Traditional text classifiers are limited to predicting over a fixed set of labels. However, in many real-world applications the label set is frequently changing. For example, in intent classification, new intents may be added over time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Jeremy Wohlwend , Ethan R. Elenberg , Samuel Altschul , Shawn Henry , Tao Lei

In order to learn quickly with few samples, meta-learning utilizes prior knowledge learned from previous tasks. However, a critical challenge in meta-learning is task uncertainty and heterogeneity, which can not be handled via globally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Huaxiu Yao , Ying Wei , Junzhou Huang , Zhenhui Li

Multi-task learning in text classification leverages implicit correlations among related tasks to extract common features and yield performance gains. However, most previous works treat labels of each task as independent and meaningless…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Honglun Zhang , Liqiang Xiao , Wenqing Chen , Yongkun Wang , Yaohui Jin

In our work, we propose to represent HTM as a set of flat models, or layers, and a set of topical hierarchies, or edges. We suggest several quality measures for edges of hierarchical models, resembling those proposed for flat models. We…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Anton Belyy

Hub Labeling (HL) is a data structure for distance oracles. Hierarchical HL (HHL) is a special type of HL, that received a lot of attention from a practical point of view. However, theoretical questions such as NP-hardness and approximation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-01-13 Maxim Babenko , Andrew V. Goldberg , Haim Kaplan , Ruslan Savchenko , Mathias Weller

Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs) represent sophisticated attack patterns in the cybersecurity domain, described encyclopedically in textual knowledge bases. Identifying TTPs in cybersecurity writing, often called TTP mapping, is an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Tu Nguyen , Nedim Šrndić , Alexander Neth

Medical Image Hierarchical Multi-Label Classification (MI-HMC) is of paramount importance in modern healthcare, presenting two significant challenges: data imbalance and \textit{hierarchy constraint}. Existing solutions involve complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Meng Wu , Siyan Luo , Qiyu Wu , Wenbin Ouyang

Cross-lingual Text Classification (CLC) consists of automatically classifying, according to a common set C of classes, documents each written in one of a set of languages L, and doing so more accurately than when naively classifying each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Andrea Esuli , Alejandro Moreo , Fabrizio Sebastiani

A large volume of accident reports is recorded in the aviation domain, which greatly values improving aviation safety. To better use those reports, we need to understand the most important events or impact factors according to the accident…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Xinyu Zhao , Hao Yan , Yongming Liu

Multi-label image classification is a prediction task that aims to identify more than one label from a given image. This paper considers the semantic consistency of the latent space between the visual patch and linguistic label domains and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Miaoge Li , Dongsheng Wang , Xinyang Liu , Zequn Zeng , Ruiying Lu , Bo Chen , Mingyuan Zhou

In semi-supervised learning, methods that rely on confidence learning to generate pseudo-labels have been widely proposed. However, increasing research finds that when faced with noisy and biased data, the model's representation network is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Yanbiao Ma , Licheng Jiao , Fang Liu , Lingling Li , Shuyuan Yang , Xu Liu

Multi-label learning has emerged as a crucial paradigm in data analysis, addressing scenarios where instances are associated with multiple class labels simultaneously. With the growing prevalence of multi-label data across diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Sadegh Eskandari , Sahar Ghassabi

Exploiting label correlations is important to multi-label classification. Previous methods capture the high-order label correlations mainly by transforming the label matrix to a latent label space with low-rank matrix factorization.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Chongjie Si , Yuheng Jia , Ran Wang , Min-Ling Zhang , Yanghe Feng , Chongxiao Qu

Humans are able to recognize structured relations in observation, allowing us to decompose complex scenes into simpler parts and abstract the visual world in multiple levels. However, such hierarchical reasoning ability of human perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Liulei Li , Tianfei Zhou , Wenguan Wang , Jianwu Li , Yi Yang

Over the last year, the amount of research in hierarchical planning has increased, leading to significant improvements in the performance of planners. However, the research is diverging and planners are somewhat hard to compare against each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-11 D. Höller , G. Behnke , P. Bercher , S. Biundo , H. Fiorino , D. Pellier , R. Alford