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LiDAR sensors are often considered essential for autonomous driving, but high-resolution sensors remain expensive while affordable low-resolution sensors produce sparse point clouds that miss critical details. LiDAR super-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 June Moh Goo , Zichao Zeng , Jan Boehm

High-resolution LiDAR data plays a critical role in 3D semantic segmentation for autonomous driving, but the high cost of advanced sensors limits large-scale deployment. In contrast, low-cost sensors such as 16-channel LiDAR produce sparse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Alexandros Gkillas , Nikos Piperigkos , Aris S. Lalos

There are two critical sensors for 3D perception in autonomous driving, the camera and the LiDAR. The camera provides rich semantic information such as color, texture, and the LiDAR reflects the 3D shape and locations of surrounding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Kaicheng Yu , Tang Tao , Hongwei Xie , Zhiwei Lin , Zhongwei Wu , Zhongyu Xia , Tingting Liang , Haiyang Sun , Jiong Deng , Dayang Hao , Yongtao Wang , Xiaodan Liang , Bing Wang

Large driving datasets are a key component in the current development and safeguarding of automated driving functions. Various methods can be used to collect such driving data records. In addition to the use of sensor equipped research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Laurent Kloeker , Christian Geller , Amarin Kloeker , Lutz Eckstein

Multi-modal depth estimation is one of the key challenges for endowing autonomous machines with robust robotic perception capabilities. There have been outstanding advances in the development of uni-modal depth estimation techniques based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Johan S. Obando-Ceron , Victor Romero-Cano , Sildomar Monteiro

Lidar-based sensing drives current autonomous vehicles. Despite rapid progress, current Lidar sensors still lag two decades behind traditional color cameras in terms of resolution and cost. For autonomous driving, this means that large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Tianwei Yin , Xingyi Zhou , Philipp Krähenbühl

Radar has stronger adaptability in adverse scenarios for autonomous driving environmental perception compared to widely adopted cameras and LiDARs. Compared with commonly used 3D radars, the latest 4D radars have precise vertical resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Xinyu Zhang , Li Wang , Jian Chen , Cheng Fang , Lei Yang , Ziying Song , Guangqi Yang , Yichen Wang , Xiaofei Zhang , Jun Li , Zhiwei Li , Qingshan Yang , Zhenlin Zhang , Shuzhi Sam Ge

The use of infrastructure sensor technology for traffic detection has already been proven several times. However, extrinsic sensor calibration is still a challenge for the operator. While previous approaches are unable to calibrate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Laurent Kloeker , Christian Kotulla , Lutz Eckstein

The worldwide commercialization of fifth generation (5G) wireless networks and the exciting possibilities offered by connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are pushing toward the deployment of heterogeneous sensors for tracking dynamic…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-03 Francesco Nardo , Davide Peressoni , Paolo Testolina , Marco Giordani , Andrea Zanella

- Both Lidars and Radars are sensors for obstacle detection. While Lidars are very accurate on obstacles positions and less accurate on their velocities, Radars are more precise on obstacles velocities and less precise on their positions.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Hatem Hajri , Mohamed-Cherif Rahal

Radar and LiDAR have been widely used in autonomous driving as LiDAR provides rich structure information, and radar demonstrates high robustness under adverse weather. Recent studies highlight the effectiveness of fusing radar and LiDAR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Xiangyuan Peng , Huawei Sun , Kay Bierzynski , Anton Fischbacher , Lorenzo Servadei , Robert Wille

Autonomous robots that assist humans in day to day living tasks are becoming increasingly popular. Autonomous mobile robots operate by sensing and perceiving their surrounding environment to make accurate driving decisions. A combination of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-24 Varuna De Silva , Jamie Roche , Ahmet Kondoz

Robust road segmentation is a key challenge in self-driving research. Though many image-based methods have been studied and high performances in dataset evaluations have been reported, developing robust and reliable road segmentation is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Huafeng Liu , Yazhou Yao , Zeren Sun , Xiangrui Li , Ke Jia , Zhenmin Tang

LiDAR-based roadside perception is a cornerstone of advanced Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). While considerable research has addressed optimal LiDAR placement for infrastructure, the profound impact of differing LiDAR scanning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhiqi Qi , Runxin Zhao , Hanyang Zhuang , Chunxiang Wang , Ming Yang

LiDAR's dense, sharp point cloud (PC) representations of the surrounding environment enable accurate perception and significantly improve road safety by offering greater scene awareness and understanding. However, LiDAR's high cost…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 William Muckelroy , Mohammed Alsakabi , John Dolan , Ozan Tonguz

LiDAR-based vision systems are integral for 3D object detection, which is crucial for autonomous navigation. However, they suffer from performance degradation in adverse weather conditions due to the quality deterioration of LiDAR point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Xun Huang , Ziyu Xu , Hai Wu , Jinlong Wang , Qiming Xia , Yan Xia , Jonathan Li , Kyle Gao , Chenglu Wen , Cheng Wang

Fully autonomous driving systems require fast detection and recognition of sensitive objects in the environment. In this context, intelligent vehicles should share their sensor data with computing platforms and/or other vehicles, to detect…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Valentina Rossi , Paolo Testolina , Marco Giordani , Michele Zorzi

LiDAR model selection is a critical issue in roadside sensing systems, as it directly determines both perception capability and deployment cost. However, the lack of empirical benchmarks for comparing perception performance across different…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Shunlai Cui , Peng Cao , Yuan Zhu , Yongjiang He , Jiacheng Yin , Xiao Huo , Gang Cao , Xiaobo Liu

LiDAR and 4D radar are widely used in autonomous driving and robotics. While LiDAR provides rich spatial information, 4D radar offers velocity measurement and remains robust under adverse conditions. As a result, increasing studies have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Xiangyuan Peng , Miao Tang , Huawei Sun , Bierzynski Kay , Lorenzo Servadei , Robert Wille

Reliable autonomous driving systems require accurate detection of traffic participants. To this end, multi-modal fusion has emerged as an effective strategy. In particular, 4D radar and LiDAR fusion methods based on multi-frame radar point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Xiangyuan Peng , Yu Wang , Miao Tang , Bierzynski Kay , Lorenzo Servadei , Robert Wille
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