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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown versatility in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, including their potential as effective question-answering systems. However, to provide precise and relevant information in response to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Sriram Veturi , Saurabh Vaichal , Reshma Lal Jagadheesh , Nafis Irtiza Tripto , Nian Yan

Text-to-SQL prompt strategies based on Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve remarkable performance on well-known benchmarks. However, when applied to real-world databases, their performance is significantly less than for these benchmarks,…

Text-to-SQL, which translates a natural language question into an SQL query, has advanced with in-context learning of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing methods show little improvement in performance compared to randomly chosen…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Jihyung Lee , Jin-Seop Lee , Jaehoon Lee , YunSeok Choi , Jee-Hyong Lee

Extracting insights from Electronic Health Record (EHR) databases often requires SQL expertise, creating a barrier for clinical decision-making and research. A promising approach is to use Large Language Models (LLMs) to translate natural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hung Nguyen , Hans Moen , Pekka Marttinen

Large Language Models (LLM) have shown remarkable language capabilities fueling attempts to integrate them into applications across a wide range of domains. An important application area is question answering over private enterprise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Masoomali Fatehkia , Ji Kim Lucas , Sanjay Chawla

Large language models (LLMs) with retrieval augmented-generation (RAG) have been the optimal choice for scalable generative AI solutions in the recent past. Although RAG implemented with AI agents (agentic-RAG) has been recently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Sohini Roychowdhury , Marko Krema , Anvar Mahammad , Brian Moore , Arijit Mukherjee , Punit Prakashchandra

In modern industry systems like multi-turn chat agents, Text-to-SQL technology bridges natural language (NL) questions and database (DB) querying. The conversion of tabular DB results into NL representations (NLRs) enables the chat-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Jyotika Singh , Weiyi Sun , Amit Agarwal , Viji Krishnamurthy , Yassine Benajiba , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth

AI systems that serve natural language questions over databases promise to unlock tremendous value. Such systems would allow users to leverage the powerful reasoning and knowledge capabilities of language models (LMs) alongside the scalable…

Converting natural language questions into SQL queries enables non-expert users to interact with relational databases and has long been a central task for natural language interfaces to data. While the WikiSQL dataset played a key role in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Dzmitry Pihulski , Karol Charchut , Viktoria Novogrodskaia , Jan Kocoń

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled a wide range of applications through their powerful capabilities in language understanding and generation. However, as LLMs are trained on static corpora, they face difficulties in addressing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yongjie Wang , Yue Yu , Kaisong Song , Jun Lin , Zhiqi Shen

Relational databases excel at structured data analysis, but real-world queries increasingly require capabilities beyond standard SQL, such as semantically matching entities across inconsistent names, extracting information not explicitly…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yin Lin , Tianjing Zeng , Zhongjun Ding , Rong Zhu , Bolin Ding , H. V. Jagadish , Jingren Zhou

This paper presents an analysis of open-source large language models (LLMs) and their application in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) tasks, specific for enterprise-specific data sets scraped from their websites. With the increasing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Gautam B , Anupam Purwar

With the development of the Large Language Models (LLMs), a large range of LLM-based Text-to-SQL(Text2SQL) methods have emerged. This survey provides a comprehensive review of LLM-based Text2SQL studies. We first enumerate classic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Liang Shi , Zhengju Tang , Nan Zhang , Xiaotong Zhang , Zhi Yang

In this article, we evaluate four Large Language Models (LLMs) and their effectiveness at retrieving data within a specialized Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system, using a comprehensive food composition database. Our method is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Maks Požarnik Vavken , Matevž Ogrinc , Tome Eftimov , Barbara Koroušić Seljak

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) merges retrieval methods with deep learning advancements to address the static limitations of large language models (LLMs) by enabling the dynamic integration of up-to-date external information. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yizheng Huang , Jimmy Huang

Text-to-SQL aims at generating SQL queries for the given natural language questions and thus helping users to query databases. Prompt learning with large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a recent approach, which designs prompts to lead…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Chunxi Guo , Zhiliang Tian , Jintao Tang , Shasha Li , Zhihua Wen , Kaixuan Wang , Ting Wang

The effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating accurate responses relies heavily on the quality of input provided, particularly when employing Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) techniques. RAG enhances LLMs by sourcing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Spurthi Setty , Harsh Thakkar , Alyssa Lee , Eden Chung , Natan Vidra

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) represents a major advancement in natural language processing (NLP), combining large language models (LLMs) with information retrieval systems to enhance factual grounding, accuracy, and contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Agada Joseph Oche , Ademola Glory Folashade , Tirthankar Ghosal , Arpan Biswas

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have shown promise in enhancing the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, these systems face challenges in effectively integrating external knowledge with the LLM's internal…

Text-to-SQL is a task that converts a natural language question into a structured query language (SQL) to retrieve information from a database. Large language models (LLMs) work well in natural language generation tasks, but they are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Chunxi Guo , Zhiliang Tian , Jintao Tang , Pancheng Wang , Zhihua Wen , Kang Yang , Ting Wang