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Prompt learning has demonstrated promising results in fine-tuning pre-trained multimodal models. However, the performance improvement is limited when applied to more complex and fine-grained tasks. The reason is that most existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Weicai Yan , Wang Lin , Zirun Guo , Ye Wang , Fangming Feng , Xiaoda Yang , Zehan Wang , Tao Jin

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable progress in image generation quality, especially when guidance is used to control the generative process. However, guidance requires a large amount of image-annotation pairs for training and is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Vincent Tao Hu , David W Zhang , Yuki M. Asano , Gertjan J. Burghouts , Cees G. M. Snoek

Recent advances in diffusion models have demonstrated their strong capabilities in generating high-fidelity samples from complex distributions through an iterative refinement process. Despite the empirical success of diffusion models in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Chaoyi Pan , Zeji Yi , Guanya Shi , Guannan Qu

Black-box global optimization aims at minimizing an objective function whose analytical form is not known. To do so, many state-of-the-art methods rely on sampling-based strategies, where sampling distributions are built in an iterative…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-30 Thomas Guilmeau , Emilie Chouzenoux , Víctor Elvira

Unsupervised domain adaptation aims to transfer knowledge from a related, label-rich source domain to an unlabeled target domain, thereby circumventing the high costs associated with manual annotation. Recently, there has been growing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Jian Liang , Lijun Sheng , Hongmin Liu , Ran He

Diffusion-based robot navigation policies trained on large-scale imitation learning datasets, can generate multi-modal trajectories directly from the robot's visual observations, bypassing the traditional localization-mapping-planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Junhe Sheng , Ruofei Bai , Kuan Xu , Ruimeng Liu , Jie Chen , Shenghai Yuan , Wei-Yun Yau , Lihua Xie

The use of guidance to steer sampling toward desired outcomes has been widely explored within diffusion models, especially in applications such as image and trajectory generation. However, incorporating guidance during training remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Marvin Alles , Nutan Chen , Patrick van der Smagt , Botond Cseke

Fine-tuning diffusion models via online reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great potential for enhancing text-to-image alignment. However, since precisely specifying a ground-truth objective for visual tasks remains challenging, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Haoran He , Yuxiao Ye , Jie Liu , Jiajun Liang , Zhiyong Wang , Ziyang Yuan , Xintao Wang , Hangyu Mao , Pengfei Wan , Ling Pan

Guided-diffusion black-box optimization (BO) has shown strong empirical performance on structured design problems such as molecules and crystals, but its regret behavior remains poorly understood. Existing BO regret analyses typically rely…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Masaki Adachi , Anita Yang , Yakun Wang , Song Liu

Optimizing high-dimensional and complex black-box functions is crucial in numerous scientific applications. While Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful method for sample-efficient optimization, it struggles with the curse of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Taeyoung Yun , Kiyoung Om , Jaewoo Lee , Sujin Yun , Jinkyoo Park

Inverse design refers to the problem of optimizing the input of an objective function in order to enact a target outcome. For many real-world engineering problems, the objective function takes the form of a simulator that predicts how the…

Effective multi-user delay-constrained scheduling is crucial in various real-world applications, such as instant messaging, live streaming, and data center management. In these scenarios, schedulers must make real-time decisions to satisfy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Zhuoran Li , Ruishuo Chen , Hai Zhong , Longbo Huang

Structural topology optimization, which aims to find the optimal physical structure that maximizes mechanical performance, is vital in engineering design applications in aerospace, mechanical, and civil engineering. Generative adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-07 François Mazé , Faez Ahmed

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) methods harness previous experiences to derive an optimal policy, forming the foundation for pre-trained large-scale models (PLMs). When encountering tasks not seen before, PLMs often utilize several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Shengchao Hu , Wanru Zhao , Weixiong Lin , Li Shen , Ya Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Offline optimization has recently emerged as an increasingly popular approach to mitigate the prohibitively expensive cost of online experimentation. The key idea is to learn a surrogate of the black-box function that underlines the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Manh Cuong Dao , Phi Le Nguyen , Thao Nguyen Truong , Trong Nghia Hoang

Controllable diffusion generation often relies on various heuristics that are seemingly disconnected without a unified understanding. We bridge this gap with Diffusion Controller (DiffCon), a unified control-theoretic view that casts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Tong Yang , Moonkyung Ryu , Chih-Wei Hsu , Guy Tennenholtz , Yuejie Chi , Craig Boutilier , Bo Dai

Zero-shot diffusion posterior sampling offers a flexible framework for inverse problems by accommodating arbitrary degradation operators at test time, but incurs high computational cost due to repeated likelihood-guided updates. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Léon Zheng , Thomas Hirtz , Yazid Janati , Eric Moulines

Achieving global optimality in nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) is challenging due to the non-convex nature of the underlying optimization problem. Since commonly employed local optimization techniques depend on carefully chosen…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-19 Tzu-Yuan Huang , Armin Lederer , Nicolas Hoischen , Jan Brüdigam , Xuehua Xiao , Stefan Sosnowski , Sandra Hirche

Recently, diffusion models have gained popularity and attention in trajectory optimization due to their capability of modeling multi-modal probability distributions. However, addressing nonlinear equality constraints, i.e, dynamic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jushan Chen , Santiago Paternain

Addressing real-world optimization problems becomes particularly challenging when analytic objective functions or constraints are unavailable. While numerous studies have addressed the issue of unknown objectives, limited research has…