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Numerous exoplanets with masses ranging from Earth to Neptune and radii larger than Earth have been found through observations. These planets possess atmospheres that range in mass fractions from 1% to 30%, reflecting the diversity of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-25 Kenji Kurosaki , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

Giant impacts have been suggested to explain various characteristics of terrestrial planets and their moons. However, so far in most models only the immediate effects of the collisions have been considered, while the long-term interior…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-01 Gregor J. Golabek , Alexandre Emsenhuber , Martin Jutzi , Erik I. Asphaug , Taras V. Gerya

Using smoothed particle hydrodynamics we model giant impacts of Super-Earth mass rocky planets between an atmosphere-less projectile and an atmosphere-rich target. In this work we present results from head-on to grazing collisions. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-13 Thomas R. Denman , Zoe M. Leinhardt , Philip J. Carter

Planets are expected to conclude their growth through a series of giant impacts: energetic, global events that significantly alter planetary composition and evolution. Computer models and theory have elucidated the diverse outcomes of giant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-27 Travis S. J. Gabriel , Saverio Cambioni

We investigate the outcomes of collisions between Mars-sized bodies through smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations, focusing on the transitions among ``merging'', ``hit-and-run'', and catastrophic disruption. By systematically…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-18 Hiroshi Kobayashi , Hidekazu Tanaka , Yukihiko Hasegawa , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

Giant impacts dominate the final stages of terrestrial planet formation and set the configuration and compositions of the final system of planets. A giant impact is believed to be responsible for the formation of Earth's Moon, but the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 Philip J Carter , Simon J Lock , Sarah T Stewart

The final stage of planet formation is dominated by collisions between planetary embryos. The dynamics of this stage determine the orbital configuration and the mass and composition of planets in the system. In the solar system, late giant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-22 Robert A. Marcus , Sarah T. Stewart , Dimitar Sasselov , Lars Hernquist

Giant planet migration is an important phenomenon in the evolution of planetary systems. Recent works have shown that giant planet growth and migration can shape the asteroid belt, but these works have not considered interactions between…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-14 Philip J. Carter , Sarah T. Stewart

Planetary systems with sufficiently small orbital spacings can experience planetary mergers and ejections. The branching ratio of mergers vs ejections depends sensitively on the treatment of planetary close encounters. Previous works have…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-16 Jiaru Li , Dong Lai , Kassandra R. Anderson , Bonan Pu

Systems of close-in super-Earths display striking diversity in planetary bulk density and composition. Giant impacts are expected to play a role in the formation of many of these worlds. Previous works, focused on the mechanical shock…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-27 John B. Biersteker , Hilke E. Schlichting

In the late stage of terrestrial planet formation, planets are predicted to undergo pairwise collisions known as giant impacts. Here we present a high-resolution database of giant impacts for differentiated colliding bodies of iron-silicate…

We carry out a systematic exploration of the effect of pre-impact rotation on the outcomes of low-speed collisions between planetesimals modeled as gravitational aggregates. We use pkdgrav, a cosmology code adapted to collisional problems…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-23 Ronald-Louis Ballouz , Derek C. Richardson , Patrick Michel , Stephen R. Schwartz

We use a smooth particle hydrodynamics method (SPH) to simulate colliding rocky and icy bodies from cm-scale to hundreds of km in diameter, in an effort to define self-consistently the threshold for catastrophic disruption. Unlike previous…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-21 W. Benz , E. Asphaug

We aim to investigate the influence of the eccentricity and inclination damping due to planet-disc interactions on the final configurations of the systems, generalizing previous studies on the combined action of the gas disc and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-09 Sotiris Sotiriadis , Anne-Sophie Libert , Bertram Bitsch , Aurélien Crida

We describe the growth of gas giant planets in the core accretion scenario. The core growth is not modeled as a gradual accretion of planetesimals but as episodic impacts of large mass ratios, i.e. we study impacts of 0.02 - 1 Earth masses…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Christopher Broeg , Willy Benz

During the formation of rocky planets, the surface environments of growing protoplanets were dramatically different from those of present-day planets. The release of gravitational energy during accretion would have maintained a molten…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-17 Haruya Maeda , Takanori Sasaki

Collisions are the core agent of planet formation. In this work, we derive an analytic description of the dynamical outcome for any collision between gravity-dominated bodies. We conduct high-resolution simulations of collisions between…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 Zoë M. Leinhardt , Sarah T. Stewart

Water-rich super-Earth exoplanets are expected to be common. We explore the effect of late giant impacts on the final bulk abundance of water in such planets. We present the results from smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Robert A. Marcus , Dimitar Sasselov , Sarah T. Stewart , Lars Hernquist

During the final stage of planetary formation, different formation pathways of planetary embryos could significantly influence the observed variations in planetary densities. Of the approximately 5,000 exoplanets identified to date, a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-07 Jingyao Dou , Philip J. Carter , Zoë M. Leinhardt

This work is an attempt to give a brief overview of the implementation of the statistical ther- modynamics to hadronic matter. The possibility to use the hydrodynamic approach for developing the physical model of the formation of exotic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-09-23 K. V. Cherevko , L. L. Jenkovszky , V. M. Sysoev , Feng-Shou Zhang
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