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In unsupervised classification, Hidden Markov Models (HMM) are used to account for a neighborhood structure between observations. The emission distributions are often supposed to belong to some parametric family. In this paper, a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-06-25 Stevenn Volant , Caroline Bérard , Marie-Laure Martin-Magniette , Stéphane Robin

Mixture of linear regression is well studied in statistics and machine learning, where the data points are generated probabilistically using $k$ linear models. Algorithms like Expectation Maximization (EM) may be used to recover the ground…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Avishek Ghosh

In this letter, we revisit the problem of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of parameters of Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and show a new derivation for its parameters. The new derivation, unlike the classical approach employing the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-10 Nitesh Sahu , Prabhu Babu

Skew normal mixture models provide a more flexible framework than the popular normal mixtures for modelling heterogeneous data with asymmetric behaviors. Due to the unboundedness of likelihood function and the divergency of shape…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-08-05 Libin Jin , Wangli Xu , Liping Zhu , Lixing Zhu

A regularized vector autoregressive hidden semi-Markov model is developed to analyze multivariate financial time series with switching data generating regimes. Furthermore, an augmented EM algorithm is proposed for parameter estimation by…

Applications · Statistics 2021-05-19 Zekun Xu , Ye Liu

This paper describes an algorithm for fitting finite mixtures of unrestricted Multivariate Skew t (FM-uMST) distributions. The package EMMIX-uskew implements a closed-form expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for computing the maximum…

Computation · Statistics 2013-03-29 Sharon X. Lee , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

We study modeling and inference with the Elliptical Gamma Distribution (EGD). We consider maximum likelihood (ML) estimation for EGD scatter matrices, a task for which we develop new fixed-point algorithms. Our algorithms are efficient and…

Computation · Statistics 2018-06-04 Reshad Hosseini , Suvrit Sra , Lucas Theis , Matthias Bethge

This paper provides a mixture modeling framework using the bivariate generalized exponential distribution. We study different properties of this mixture distribution. Hierarchical EM algorithm is developed for finding the estimates of the…

Computation · Statistics 2018-04-03 Arabin Kumar Dey , Debasis Kundu , Tumati Kiran Kumar

Many applications require that we learn the parameters of a model from data. EM is a method used to learn the parameters of probabilistic models for which the data for some of the variables in the models is either missing or hidden. There…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Luis E. Ortiz , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

Classical Mixtures of Experts (MoE) are Machine Learning models that involve partitioning the input space, with a separate "expert" model trained on each partition. Recently, MoE-based model architectures have become popular as a means to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Quentin Fruytier , Aryan Mokhtari , Sujay Sanghavi

In this paper, we study convergence properties of the gradient Expectation-Maximization algorithm \cite{lange1995gradient} for Gaussian Mixture Models for general number of clusters and mixing coefficients. We derive the convergence rate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Bowei Yan , Mingzhang Yin , Purnamrita Sarkar

We consider gradient descent with `momentum', a widely used method for loss function minimization in machine learning. This method is often used with `Nesterov acceleration', meaning that the gradient is evaluated not at the current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Goran Nakerst , John Brennan , Masudul Haque

The Expectation-Maximization algorithm is perhaps the most broadly used algorithm for inference of latent variable problems. A theoretical understanding of its performance, however, largely remains lacking. Recent results established that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-30 Jeongyeol Kwon , Wei Qian , Constantine Caramanis , Yudong Chen , Damek Davis

The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm (Dempster, Laird and Rubin, 1977) is a popular method for computing maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) in problems with missing data. Each iteration of the al- gorithm formally consists of an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-22 Ronald C. Neath

Latent variable models are a fundamental modeling tool in machine learning applications, but they present significant computational and analytical challenges. The popular EM algorithm and its variants, is a much used algorithmic tool; yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-12-08 Xinyang Yi , Constantine Caramanis

Normal mean-variance mixture distributions are widely applied to simplify a model's implementation and improve their computational efficiency under the Maximum Likelihood (ML) approach. Especially for distributions with normal mean-variance…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-18 Thanakorn Nitithumbundit , Jennifer S. K. Chan

To avoid specification of the error distribution in a regression model, we propose a general nonparametric scale mixture model for the error distribution. For fitting such mixtures, the predictive recursion method is a simple and…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-09-03 Ryan Martin , Zhen Han

Mixtures-of-Experts (MoE) are conditional mixture models that have shown their performance in modeling heterogeneity in data in many statistical learning approaches for prediction, including regression and classification, as well as for…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-17 Bao Tuyen Huynh , Faicel Chamroukhi

Mixtures of linear dynamical systems (MoLDS) provide a path to model time-series data that exhibit diverse temporal dynamics across trajectories. However, its application remains challenging in complex and noisy settings, limiting its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Lulu Gong , Shreya Saxena

We study the trajectory of iterations and the convergence rates of the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm for two-component Mixed Linear Regression (2MLR). The fundamental goal of MLR is to learn the regression models from unlabeled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Zhankun Luo , Abolfazl Hashemi