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We devise a theoretical framework and a numerical method to infer trajectories of a stochastic process from samples of its temporal marginals. This problem arises in the analysis of single cell RNA-sequencing data, which provide high…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-04 Hugo Lavenant , Stephen Zhang , Young-Heon Kim , Geoffrey Schiebinger

The analysis of dynamical systems is a fundamental tool in the natural sciences and engineering. It is used to understand the evolution of systems as large as entire galaxies and as small as individual molecules. With predefined conditions…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-19 Ludwig Winkler

We propose a simple, scalable algorithm for using stochastic interpolants to sample from unnormalized densities and for fine-tuning generative models. The approach, Tilt Matching, arises from a dynamical equation relating the flow matching…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-29 Peter Potaptchik , Cheuk-Kit Lee , Michael S. Albergo

We study Diffusion Schr\"odinger Bridge (DSB) models in the context of dynamical astrophysical systems, specifically tackling observational inverse prediction tasks within Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) for star formation. We introduce the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-13 Ye Zhu , Duo Xu , Zhiwei Deng , Jonathan C. Tan , Olga Russakovsky

Understanding complex systems by inferring trajectories from sparse sample snapshots is a fundamental challenge in a wide range of domains, e.g., single-cell biology, meteorology, and economics. Despite advancements in Bridge and Flow…

Progressively applying Gaussian noise transforms complex data distributions to approximately Gaussian. Reversing this dynamic defines a generative model. When the forward noising process is given by a Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE),…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-06 Valentin De Bortoli , James Thornton , Jeremy Heng , Arnaud Doucet

Several fields in science, from genomics to neuroimaging, require monitoring populations (measures) that evolve with time. These complex datasets, describing dynamics with both time and spatial components, pose new challenges for data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-12 Hicham Janati , Marco Cuturi , Alexandre Gramfort

Practitioners often aim to infer an unobserved population trajectory using sample snapshots at multiple time points. E.g., given single-cell sequencing data, scientists would like to learn how gene expression changes over a cell's life…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Yunyi Shen , Renato Berlinghieri , Tamara Broderick

Despite the striking successes of deep neural networks trained with gradient-based optimization, these methods differ fundamentally from their biological counterparts. This gap raises key questions about how nature achieves robust,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Mattia Scardecchia

Trajectory optimization methods have achieved an exceptional level of performance on real-world robots in recent years. These methods heavily rely on accurate analytical models of the dynamics, yet some aspects of the physical world can…

This paper introduces a drift optimization model of stochastic optimization problems driven by regulated stochastic processes. A broad range of problems across operations research, machine learning, and statistics can be viewed as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Zihe Zhou , Harsha Honnappa , Raghu Pasupathy

Optimal transport (OT) compares probability distributions by computing a meaningful alignment between their samples. CO-optimal transport (COOT) takes this comparison further by inferring an alignment between features as well. While this…

We present a novel reduced-order Model (ROM) that leverages optimal transport (OT) theory and displacement interpolation to enhance the representation of nonlinear dynamics in complex systems. While traditional ROM techniques face…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-14 Moaad Khamlich , Federico Pichi , Michele Girfoglio , Annalisa Quaini , Gianluigi Rozza

We consider the problem of steering an initial probability density for the state vector of a linear system to a final one, in finite time, using minimum energy control. In the case where the dynamics correspond to an integrator ($\dot x(t)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-02-05 Yongxin Chen , Tryphon Georgiou , Michele Pavon

To succeed in the real world, robots must deal with situations that differ from those seen during training. Those out-of-distribution situations for legged robot mainly include challenging dynamic gaps and perceptual gaps. Here we study the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Lingxiao Guo , Yue Gao

Transient growth analysis has been extensively studied in asymptotically stable flows to identify their short-term amplification of perturbations. Generally, in global transient growth analyses, matrix-free methods are adopted, requiring…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-09-24 Yin Wang , Xuerui Mao

This paper motivates the use of random-bridges -- stochastic processes conditioned to take target distributions at fixed timepoints -- in the realm of generative modelling. Herein, random-bridges can act as stochastic transports between two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Stefano Goria , Levent A. Mengütürk , Murat C. Mengütürk , Berkan Sesen

Over the last several years, there has been significant progress in developing neural solvers for the Schr\"odinger Bridge (SB) problem and applying them to generative modelling. This new research field is justifiably fruitful as it is…

Learning from Demonstration (LfD) has emerged as a crucial method for robots to acquire new skills. However, when given suboptimal task trajectory demonstrations with shape characteristics reflecting human preferences but subpar dynamic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Chenlin Ming , Zitong Wang , Boxuan Zhang , Zhanxiang Cao , Xiaoming Duan , Jianping He

Investigating the dynamics of learning in machine learning algorithms is of paramount importance for understanding how and why an approach may be successful. The tools of physics and statistics provide a robust setting for such…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-12-31 Chanju Park , Matteo Favoni , Biagio Lucini , Gert Aarts