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We study best-effort strategies (aka plans) in fully observable nondeterministic domains (FOND) for goals expressed in Linear Temporal Logic on Finite Traces (LTLf). The notion of best-effort strategy has been introduced to also deal with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Giuseppe De Giacomo , Gianmarco Parretti , Shufang Zhu

Many systems are naturally modeled as Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), combining probabilities and strategic actions. Given a model of a system as an MDP and some logical specification of system behavior, the goal of synthesis is to find a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Andrew M. Wells , Morteza Lahijanian , Lydia E. Kavraki , Moshe Y. Vardi

We consider an agent acting to fulfil tasks in a nondeterministic environment. When a strategy that fulfills the task regardless of how the environment acts does not exist, the agent should at least avoid adopting strategies that prevent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Giuseppe De Giacomo , Gianmarco Parretti , Shufang Zhu

We study a variant of LTLf synthesis that synthesizes adaptive strategies for achieving a multi-tier goal, consisting of multiple increasingly challenging LTLf objectives in nondeterministic planning domains. Adaptive strategies are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Giuseppe De Giacomo , Gianmarco Parretti , Shufang Zhu

Temporal logic can be used to formally specify autonomous agent goals, but synthesizing planners that guarantee goal satisfaction can be computationally prohibitive. This paper shows how to turn goals specified using a subset of finite…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Aadesh Neupane , Eric G Mercer , Michael A. Goodrich

In this paper, we investigate the problem of synthesizing strategies for linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications that are interpreted over finite traces -- a problem that is central to the automated construction of controllers, robot…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Alberto Camacho , Meghyn Bienvenu , Sheila A. McIlraith

Reactive synthesis addresses the problem of generating a controller for a temporal specification in an adversarial environment; it was typically studied for LTL. Driven by applications ranging from AI to business process management, LTL…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Sarah Winkler

We present an on-the-fly synthesis framework for Linear Temporal Logic over finite traces (LTLf) based on top-down deterministic automata construction. Existing approaches rely on constructing a complete Deterministic Finite Automaton (DFA)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Shengping Xiao , Yongkang Li , Shufang Zhu , Jun Sun , Jianwen Li , Geguang Pu , Moshe Y. Vardi

We introduce a technique for synthesis of control and communication strategies for a team of agents from a global task specification given as a Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formula over a set of properties that can be satisfied by the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2011-11-10 Yushan Chen , Xu Chu Ding , Calin Belta

This paper proposes a new AND-OR graph search framework for synthesis of Linear Temporal Logic on finite traces (\LTLf), that overcomes some limitations of previous approaches. Within such framework, we devise a procedure inspired by the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Marco Favorito

This paper studies the synthesis of control policies for an agent that has to satisfy a temporal logic specification in a partially observable environment, in the presence of an adversary. The interaction of the agent (defender) with the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-09 Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Luyao Niu , Andrew Clark , Linda Bushnell , Radha Poovendran

LTLf synthesis is the process of finding a strategy that satisfies a linear temporal specification over finite traces. An existing solution to this problem relies on a reduction to a DFA game. In this paper, we propose a symbolic framework…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-09-22 Shufang Zhu , Lucas M. Tabajara , Jianwen Li , Geguang Pu , Moshe Y. Vardi

In Reasoning about Action and Planning, one synthesizes the agent plan by taking advantage of the assumption on how the environment works (that is, one exploits the environment's effects, its fairness, its trajectory constraints). In this…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Benjamin Aminof , Giuseppe De Giacomo , Aniello Murano , Sasha Rubin

Goal Recognition is the task of discerning the correct intended goal that an agent aims to achieve, given a set of goal hypotheses, a domain model, and a sequence of observations (i.e., a sample of the plan executed in the environment).…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Ramon Fraga Pereira , Francesco Fuggitti , Felipe Meneguzzi , Giuseppe De Giacomo

We study the problem of policy optimization (PO) with linear temporal logic (LTL) constraints. The language of LTL allows flexible description of tasks that may be unnatural to encode as a scalar cost function. We consider LTL-constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Cameron Voloshin , Hoang M. Le , Swarat Chaudhuri , Yisong Yue

Temporal logic based synthesis approaches are often used to find trajectories that are correct-by-construction for tasks in systems with complex behavior. Some examples of such tasks include synchronization for multi-agent hybrid systems,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-09-22 Sumanth Dathathri , Richard M. Murray

The temporal logics LTLf+ and PPLTL+ have recently been proposed to express objectives over infinite traces. These logics are appealing because they match the expressive power of LTL on infinite traces while enabling efficient DFA-based…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Giuseppe De Giacomo , Yong Li , Sven Schewe , Christoph Weinhuber , Pian Yu

Synthesizing a program that realizes a logical specification is a classical problem in computer science. We examine a particular type of program synthesis, where the objective is to synthesize a strategy that reacts to a potentially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Alberto Camacho , Sheila A. McIlraith

We present a data-driven framework for strategy synthesis for partially-known switched stochastic systems. The properties of the system are specified using linear temporal logic (LTL) over finite traces (LTLf), which is as expressive as LTL…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-10 John Jackson , Luca Laurenti , Eric Frew , Morteza Lahijanian

The surge in popularity of large language models (LLMs) has opened doors for new approaches to the creation of interactive agents. However, managing and interpreting the temporal behavior of such agents over the course of a potentially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Raven Rothkopf , Hannah Tongxin Zeng , Mark Santolucito
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