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Ideal quantum random number generators (QRNGs) can produce algorithmically random and thus incomputable sequences, in contrast to pseudo-random number generators. However, the verification of the presence of algorithmic randomness and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-06 John T. Kavulich , Brennan P. Van Deren , Maximilian Schlosshauer

Random number generation is a key technology that is useful in a variety of ways. Random numbers are often used to generate keys for data encryption. Random numbers generated at a sufficiently long length can encrypt sensitive data and make…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Jacob Hammond

In this paper, we present an approach for estimating significant financial metrics within risk management by utilizing quantum phenomena for random number generation. We explore Quantum-Enhanced Monte Carlo, a method that combines…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Emanuele Dri , Achille Yomi , Muthumanimaran Vetrivelan , Cedric Kuassivi , Ivàn Diego Exposito

The Quantum Angle Generator (QAG) is a new full Quantum Machine Learning model designed to generate accurate images on current Noise Intermediate Scale (NISQ) Quantum devices. Variational quantum circuits form the core of the QAG model, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-24 Florian Rehm , Sofia Vallecorsa , Kerstin Borras , Dirk Krücker , Michele Grossi , Valle Varo

The prototype of a quantum random number generator is a single photon which impinges onto a beam splitter and is then detected by single photon detectors at one of the two output paths. Prior to detection, the photon is in a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-16 Xing Chen , Johannes Greiner , Jörg Wrachtrup , Ilja Gerhardt

The spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC), an inherently random quantum process, produces a non-deterministic photon-pair with strong temporal and spatial correlations owing to both energy and momentum conservation. Therefore, the…

Random number generation (RNG) is a crucial element in security protocols, and its performance and reliability are critical for the safety and integrity of digital systems. This is especially true in 5G networks with many devices with low…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Evren Catak , Ogerta Elezaj

Linear-feedback shift register (LFSR) based pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) has applications in a plethora of fields. The issue of being linear is generally circumvented by introducing non-linearities as per the required applications,…

We experimentally demonstrate a real-time quantum random number generator by using a room-temperature single-photon emitter from the defect in a commercial gallium nitride wafer. Thanks to the brightness of our single photon emitter, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-28 Qing Luo , Zedi Cheng , Junkai Fan , Lijuan Tan , Haizhi Song , Guangwei Deng , You Wang , Qiang Zhou

A remarkable aspect of quantum theory is that certain measurement outcomes are entirely unpredictable to all possible observers. Such quantum events can be harnessed to generate numbers whose randomness is asserted based upon the underlying…

This work reports on setup, characterisation and data processing of a true quantum random number generator. As a randomness source a pure quantum vacuum state of light is used, which is amplified by a laser beam. Performance and behaviour…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-12 Bastian Hacker

We present a scheme for a self-testing quantum random number generator. Compared to the fully device-independent model, our scheme requires an extra natural assumption, namely that the mean energy per signal is bounded. The scheme is…

An approach to quantum random number generation based on unambiguous quantum state discrimination (USD) is developed. We consider a prepare-and-measure protocol, where two non-orthogonal quantum states can be prepared, and a measurement…

Genuine random numbers can be produced beyond a shadow of doubt through the intrinsic randomness provided by quantum mechanics theory. While many degrees of freedom have been investigated for randomness generation, not adequate attention…

The application for random numbers is ubiquitous. We experimentally build a well-studied quantum random number generator from homodyne measurements on the quadrature of the vacuum fluctuations. Semi-device-independence in this random number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-09 Megha Shrivastava , Mohit Mittal , Isha Kumari , Venkat Abhignan

Random number generators play an essential role in cryptography and key distribution. It is thus important to verify whether the random numbers generated from these devices are genuine and unpredictable by any adversary. Recently, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-07 Shubhayan Sarkar

Semi-quantum cryptography involves at least one user who is semi-quantum or "classical" in nature. Such a user can only interact with the quantum channel in a very restricted way. Many semi-quantum key distribution protocols have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-01 Julia Guskind , Walter O. Krawec

Harnessing quantum processes is an efficient method to generate truly indeterministic random numbers, which are of fundamental importance for cryptographic protocols, security applications or Monte-Carlo simulations. Recently, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-14 Johannes Thewes , Carolin Lüders , Marc Aßmann

In recent years, the advancement of quantum computing technology has posed potential security threats to RSA cryptography and elliptic curve cryptography. In response, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) published…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Abel C. H. Chen

The necessity of random numbers for various tasks, from simulation to cryptography, is crucial and immense. Here we demonstrate CV-QRNG using the CV payload of the SPOQC mission. The homodyne setup for QRNG uses the laser from the payload,…