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With the ever-growing number of exoplanets detected, the issue of characterization is becoming more and more relevant. Direct imaging is certainly the most efficient but the most challenging tool to probe the atmosphere of exoplanets and…
The erosion of lunar soil by rocket exhaust plumes is investigated experimentally. This has identified the diffusion-driven flow in the bulk of the sand as an important but previously unrecognized mechanism for erosion dynamics. It has also…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging has the potential to improve image contrast with lower dose by probing an object's refractive properties as well as its absorptive properties. To reconstruct a phase-contrast image from a raw dataset, a phase…
X-ray astronomy allows study of objects which may be associated with compact objects, i.e. neutron stars or black holes, and also may contain strong magnetic fields. Such objects are categorically non-spherical, and likely non-circular when…
In computer vision, camera pose estimation from correspondences between 3D geometric entities and their projections into the image has been a widely investigated problem. Although most state-of-the-art methods exploit low-level primitives…
This paper presents a state-of-the-art approach in object detection for being applied in future SLAM problems. Although, many SLAM methods are proposed to create suitable autonomy for mobile robots namely ground vehicles, they still face…
Straight lines are common features in human made environments, which makes them a frequently explored feature for control applications. Many control schemes, like Visual Servoing, require the 3D parameters of the features to be estimated.…
Looming, traditionally defined as the relative expansion of objects in the observer's retina, is a fundamental visual cue for perception of threat and can be used to accomplish collision free navigation. The measurement of the looming cue…
Magnetic fields play a critical role in the propagation of charged cosmic rays. Particular field configurations supported by different astrophysical objects may be observable in cosmic ray maps. We consider a simple configuration, a…
Pit craters are circular to subcircular depressions that lack a rim and ejecta layer and typically have a conical shape. There are several mechanisms that can explain the formation of such depressions and they are associated with collapse…
In a circle (an S^1) with circumference 1 assume m objects distributed pseudo-randomly. In the universal covering R^1 assume the objects replicated accordingly, and take an interval L>1. In this interval, make the normalized histogram of…
Special curves and surfaces have an important place in mathematics, engineering and other fields of science. Loxodromes are special curves which cut all meridians on the Earth's surface at a constant angle and they are very popular in…
We demonstrate that the flux ratios of 4-image lensed quasars provide a powerful means of probing the small scale structure of Dark Matter (DM) halos. A family of smooth lens models can precisely predict certain combinations of flux ratios…
Gravitational lensing of luminous matter that surrounds a black hole or some other sufficiently compact object produces an infinite sequence of images. Besides the direct (or primary) image, it comprises demagnified and deformed replicas of…
Optical surfaces represented by second-degree polynomials (quadratic or conics) are ubiquitous in optics. We revisit the equations of the conic shapes in the context of grazing incidence optics, gathering together the curves commonly used…
The common approach to radial distortion is by the means of polynomial approximation, which introduces distortion-specific parameters into the camera model and requires estimation of these distortion parameters. The task of estimating…
Astronomy is by nature a visual science. The high quality imagery produced by the world's observatories can be a key to effectively engaging with the public and helping to inspire the next generation of scientists. Creating compelling…
Simple spherical, non-rotating stellar models are inadequate when describing real stars in the limit of very fast rotation: Both the observable spectrum and the geometrical shape of the star deviate strongly from simple models. We attempt…
In an earlier work (Shankar kumar Jha, A Vyas, O S K S Sastri, Rajkumar Jain & K S Umesh, 'Determination of wavelength of laser light using Modified Newton's rings setup', Physics Education, vol. 22, no.3, 195-202(2005)) reported by our…
Circular markers are planar markers which offer great performances for detection and pose estimation. For an uncalibrated camera with an unknown focal length, at least the images of at least two coplanar circles are generally required to…