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Landauer's principle states that information erasure requires heat dissipation. Landauer's original result focused on equilibrium memories. We here investigate the reset of information stored in a nonequilibrium state of a symmetric…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-06-05 Michael Konopik , Alexander Friedenberger , Nikolai Kiesel , Eric Lutz

We prove an area law for the entanglement entropy in gapped one dimensional quantum systems. The bound on the entropy grows surprisingly rapidly with the correlation length; we discuss this in terms of properties of quantum expanders and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-12 M. B. Hastings

Landauer's principle, often regarded as the foundation of the thermodynamics of information processing, holds that any logically irreversible manipulation of information, such as the erasure of a bit or the merging of two computation paths,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2011-01-11 Charles H. Bennett

Landauer's principle is, roughly, the principle that there is an entropic cost associated with implementation of logically irreversible operations. Though widely accepted in the literature on the thermodynamics of computation, it has been…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-07-24 Wayne C. Myrvold

Landauer's principle, a cornerstone of quantum information and thermodynamics, appears to be violated when the thermal reservoir is replaced by a squeezed thermal state (STS), owing to the additional thermodynamic resources inherently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-08 Hao Xu

If the inflaton and the quintessence fields are identified, the background geometry evolves through a stiff epoch undershooting the expansion rate of a radiation-dominated plasma. For some classes of inflationary potentials this scenario is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-08 Massimo Giovannini

According to the standard lore, a prolonged inflation leaves a quantum field theory in a cold, low entropy state. Thus, some mechanism is needed to reheat this post-inflationary state, leaving a hot, thermal, radiation-dominated Universe.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-04-26 Alex Buchel

Landauer's principle laid the main foundation for the development of modern thermodynamics of information. However, in its original inception the principle relies on semiformal arguments and dissipative dynamics. Hence, if and how…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Sebastian Deffner

Quantum state engineering and quantum computation rely on information erasure procedures that, up to some fidelity, prepare a quantum object in a pure state. Such processes occur within Landauer's framework if they rely on an interaction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-26 M. Hamed Mohammady , Masoud Mohseni , Yasser Omar

Landauer's principle states that erasure of each bit of information in a system requires at least a unit of energy $k_B T \ln 2$ to be dissipated. In return, the blank bit may possibly be utilized to extract usable work of the amount $k_B T…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-06-20 A. Mert Bozkurt , Baris Pekerten , Inanc Adagideli

We investigate black hole area quantization by imposing Landauer's principle on the discrete entropy change between consecutive area levels. The elementary transition is identified with the entropy cost of erasing one bit of information,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-27 Jorge Ananias Neto , Ronaldo Thibes

The large-scale limits on the relic signals of gravitational radiation complement the bounds coming from the interferometric detectors (in the audio band) and from the pulsar timing arrays (in the nHz range). Within this inclusive…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-17 Massimo Giovannini

Within its range of applicability, the Boltzmann equation seems unique in its capacity to accurately describe the transition from almost any initial state to a self-equilibrated thermal state. Using information-theoretic methods to rephrase…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-07 Jürgen T. Stockburger

By establishing a relation between information erasure and continuous phase transitions we generalise the Landauer bound to analog computing systems. The entropy production per degree of freedom during erasure of an analog variable (reset…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-27 M. Cristina Diamantini , Luca Gammaitoni , Carlo A. Trugenberger

The Von Neumann entropy of reduced states is a measure of bipartite entanglement. Despite its name, the entanglement entropy cannot by itself be used as a resource for creating thermodynamic heat flows. In order to extract heat from an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Lisa Lenstra , Jasper van Wezel

For a quantum state undergoing unitary Schr\"odinger time evolution, the von Neumann entropy is constant. Yet the second law of thermodynamics, and our experience, show that entropy increases with time. Ingarden introduced the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 Craig S. Lent

The entropy of a classical thermally isolated Hamiltonian system is given by the logarithm of the measure of phase space enclosed by the constant energy hyper-surface, also known as volume entropy. It has been shown that on average the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-10-12 Michele Campisi

A nonuniformly accelerated quantum field in a cavity undergoes the coordinate transformation of annihilation and creation operators, known as the Bogoliubov transformation. This study considers the entropy production of a quantum field in a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-03-24 Yoshihiko Hasegawa

The first law of thermodynamics, which governs energy conservation, is traditionally formulated as an equality. Surprisingly, we demonstrate that the first law alone implies a universal Landauer-like inequality linking changes in system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-17 Junjie Liu , Hanlin Nie

This article discusses the concept of information and its intimate relationship with physics. After an introduction of all the necessary quantum mechanical and information theoretical concepts we analyze Landauer's principle that states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 M. B. Plenio , V. Vitelli