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We propose a novel projection method that guarantees the conservation of integral quantities in Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). While the soft constraint that PINNs use to enforce the structure of partial differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Anthony Baez , Wang Zhang , Ziwen Ma , Lam Nguyen , Subhro Das , Luca Daniel

We present pseudo-differential enhanced physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), an extension of gradient enhancement but in Fourier space. Gradient enhancement of PINNs dictates that the PDE residual is taken to a higher differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Andrew Gracyk

Reconstructing unknown external source functions is an important perception capability for a large range of robotics domains including manipulation, aerial, and underwater robotics. In this work, we propose a Physics-Informed Neural Network…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Youngsun Wi , Jayjun Lee , Miquel Oller , Nima Fazeli

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have been recognized as a mesh-free alternative to solve partial differential equations where physics information is incorporated. However, in dealing with problems characterized by high stiffness or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Divyavardhan Singh , Shubham Kamble , Dimple Sonone , Kishor Upla

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) can be used to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) and identify hidden variables by incorporating the governing equations into neural network training. In this study, we apply PINNs to the…

Physics-Informed Neural Networks have shown unique utility in parameterising the solution of a well-defined partial differential equation using automatic differentiation and residual losses. Though they provide theoretical guarantees of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Vignesh Gopakumar , Stanislas Pamela , Debasmita Samaddar

Mathematical models in neural networks are powerful tools for solving complex differential equations and optimizing their parameters; that is, solving the forward and inverse problems, respectively. A forward problem predicts the output of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Aarush Gupta , Kendric Hsu , Syna Mathod

Complex physical systems are often described by partial differential equations (PDEs) that depend on parameters such as the Reynolds number in fluid mechanics. In applications such as design optimization or uncertainty quantification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Woojin Cho , Minju Jo , Haksoo Lim , Kookjin Lee , Dongeun Lee , Sanghyun Hong , Noseong Park

Neural networks, while powerful, often lack interpretability. Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) address this limitation by incorporating physics laws into the loss function, making them applicable to solving Ordinary Differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Jonas Ekeland Kittelsen , Eric Aislan Antonelo , Eduardo Camponogara , Lars Struen Imsland

Accurately and efficiently solving nonlinear differential equations is crucial for modeling dynamic behavior across science and engineering. Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful solution that embeds physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Duarte Alexandrino , Ben Moseley , Pavlos Protopapas

With growing investigations into solving partial differential equations by physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), more accurate and efficient PINNs are required to meet the practical demands of scientific computing. One bottleneck of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Tianchi Yu , Yiming Qi , Ivan Oseledets , Shiyi Chen

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) serve as a flexible alternative for tackling forward and inverse problems in differential equations, displaying impressive advancements in diverse areas of applied mathematics. Despite integrating…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-07-12 Shengfeng Xu , Chang Yan , Zhenxu Sun , Renfang Huang , Dilong Guo , Guowei Yang

The current work aims to incorporate physics-based loss in Physics Informed Neural Network (PINN) directly using the numerical residual obtained from the governing equation in any dicretized forward solver. PINN's major difficulties in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Rahul Halder , Giovanni Stabile , Gianluigi Rozza

Singularly perturbed problems are known to have solutions with steep boundary layers that are hard to resolve numerically. Traditional numerical methods, such as Finite Difference Methods (FDMs), require a refined mesh to obtain stable and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-13 Jiajing Guan , Howard Elman

In the recent years, Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have received strong interest as a method to solve PDE driven systems, in particular for data assimilation purpose. This method is still in its infancy, with many shortcomings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Nilo Schwencke , Cyril Furtlehner

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have shown promise for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by directly embedding them into the loss function. Despite their notable success, existing PINNs often exhibit training…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Chang Wei , Yuchen Fan , Chin Chun Ooi , Jian Cheng Wong , Heyang Wang , Pao-Hsiung Chiu

The potential of learned models for fundamental scientific research and discovery is drawing increasing attention worldwide. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), where the loss function directly embeds governing equations of scientific…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Nicholas Sung Wei Yong , Jian Cheng Wong , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Abhishek Gupta , Chinchun Ooi , Yew-Soon Ong

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by embedding physical laws into neural network training. However, traditional PINN models are typically designed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Keon Vin Park

Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) require regularity of solutions of the underlying PDE to guarantee accurate approximation. Consequently, they may fail at approximating discontinuous solutions of PDEs such as nonlinear hyperbolic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-19 Tim De Ryck , Siddhartha Mishra , Roberto Molinaro

In recent engineering applications using deep learning, physics-informed neural network (PINN) is a new development as it can exploit the underlying physics of engineering systems. The novelty of PINN lies in the use of partial differential…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Kart Leong Lim , Rahul Dutta , Mihai Rotaru
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