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Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) is taking the world by storm with its unparalleled content creation ability. Large Language Models (LLMs) are at the forefront of this movement. However, the significant resource demands of LLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Xinyuan Zhang , Jiang Liu , Zehui Xiong , Yudong Huang , Gaochang Xie , Ran Zhang

While scaling laws have been continuously validated in large language models (LLMs) with increasing model parameters, the inherent tension between the inference demands of LLMs and the limited resources of edge devices poses a critical…

Vision-language models (VLMs) have emerged as a promising direction for end-to-end autonomous driving (AD) by jointly modeling visual observations, driving context, and language-based reasoning. However, existing VLM-based systems face a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ximeng Tao , Pardis Taghavi , Dimitar Filev , Reza Langari , Gaurav Pandey

The applications of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in the field of Autonomous Driving (AD) have attracted widespread attention due to their outstanding performance and the ability to leverage Large Language Models (LLMs). By incorporating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Xingcheng Zhou , Mingyu Liu , Ekim Yurtsever , Bare Luka Zagar , Walter Zimmer , Hu Cao , Alois C. Knoll

With the rapid advancement of autonomous driving, deploying Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to enhance perception and decision-making has become increasingly common. However, the real-time application of VLMs is hindered by high latency and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Lianming Huang , Haibo Hu , Yufei Cui , Jiacheng Zuo , Shangyu Wu , Nan Guan , Chun Jason Xue

The rapid development of generative AI technologies, including large language models (LLMs), has brought transformative changes to various fields. However, deploying such advanced models on mobile and edge devices remains challenging due to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Ruichen Zhang , Jiayi He , Xiaofeng Luo , Dusit Niyato , Jiawen Kang , Zehui Xiong , Yonghui Li , Biplab Sikdar

The ability to perform computation on devices, such as smartphones, cars, or other nodes present at the Internet of Things leads to constraints regarding bandwidth, storage, and energy, as most of these devices are mobile and operate on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Natascha Harth , Hans-Joerg Voegel , Kostas Kolomvatsos , Christos Anagnostopoulos

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made reasoning a central benchmark for evaluating intelligence. While prior surveys focus on efficiency by examining how to shorten reasoning chains or reduce computation, this view…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Chao Wu , Baoheng Li , Mingchen Gao , Yu Tian , Zhenyi Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate substantial potential across a diverse array of domains via request serving. However, as trends continue to push for expanding context sizes, the autoregressive nature of LLMs results in highly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Bin Lin , Chen Zhang , Tao Peng , Hanyu Zhao , Wencong Xiao , Minmin Sun , Anmin Liu , Zhipeng Zhang , Lanbo Li , Xiafei Qiu , Shen Li , Zhigang Ji , Tao Xie , Yong Li , Wei Lin

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a promising approach to address the data scarcity challenge in robotics, enabling the development of generalizable visuomotor control policies. While models like OpenVLA showcase the potential…

Large language models (LLMs), which have shown remarkable capabilities, are revolutionizing AI development and potentially shaping our future. However, given their multimodality, the status quo cloud-based deployment faces some critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zheng Lin , Guanqiao Qu , Qiyuan Chen , Xianhao Chen , Zhe Chen , Kaibin Huang

Accurate prediction of human behavior is crucial for AI systems to effectively support real-world applications, such as autonomous robots anticipating and assisting with human tasks. Real-world scenarios frequently present challenges such…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Kojiro Takeyama , Yimeng Liu , Misha Sra

Recently, along with the rapid development of mobile communication technology, edge computing theory and techniques have been attracting more and more attentions from global researchers and engineers, which can significantly bridge the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Xiaofei Wang , Yiwen Han , Chenyang Wang , Qiyang Zhao , Xu Chen , Min Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have demonstrated immense potential in autonomous driving (AD) by offering human-like reasoning and open-world generalization. However, the excessive computational overhead and high…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruoyu Yao , Ruiguo Zhong , Pei Liu , Mingxing Peng , Rui Yang , Jun Ma

Large language models (LLMs) such as GPTs and Mixtral-8x7B have revolutionized machine intelligence due to their exceptional abilities in generic ML tasks. Transiting LLMs from datacenters to edge devices brings benefits like better privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Rongjie Yi , Liwei Guo , Shiyun Wei , Ao Zhou , Shangguang Wang , Mengwei Xu

Deploying Vision-Language Models (VLMs) on edge devices remains challenging due to their substantial computational and memory demands, which exceed the capabilities of resource-constrained embedded platforms. Conversely, fully offloading…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Cyril Shih-Huan Hsu , Wig Yuan-Cheng Cheng , Chrysa Papagianni

After a large language model (LLM) is deployed on edge devices, it is desirable for these devices to learn from user-generated conversation data to generate user-specific and personalized responses in real-time. However, user-generated data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Ruiyang Qin , Jun Xia , Zhenge Jia , Meng Jiang , Ahmed Abbasi , Peipei Zhou , Jingtong Hu , Yiyu Shi

Although Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) and Large Language Models (LLMs) each show promise in addressing decision-making challenges in autonomous driving, DRL often suffers from high sample complexity, while LLMs have difficulty ensuring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Chengkai Xu , Jiaqi Liu , Shiyu Fang , Yiming Cui , Dong Chen , Peng Hang , Jian Sun

Deploying autonomous vision systems on edge devices faces a critical challenge: resource constraints prevent real-time and predictable execution of comprehensive safety tests. Existing validation methods depend on static datasets or manual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Faezeh Pasandideh , Achim Rettberg

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as promising candidates for end-to-end autonomous driving. However, these models typically face challenges in inference latency, action precision, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jiaru Zhang , Manav Gagvani , Can Cui , Juntong Peng , Ruqi Zhang , Ziran Wang