English
Related papers

Related papers: How Entangled is Factuality and Deception in Germa…

200 papers

A key assumption fuelling optimism about the progress of large language models (LLMs) in accurately and comprehensively modelling the world is that the truth is systematic: true statements about the world form a whole that is not just…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Matthieu Queloz

Identifying deceptive content like phishing emails demands sophisticated cognitive processes that combine pattern recognition, confidence assessment, and contextual analysis. This research examines how human cognition and machine learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Paras Jain , Khushi Dhar , Olyemi E. Amujo , Esa M. Rantanen

Large Language Models have significantly advanced natural language processing tasks, but remain prone to generating incorrect or misleading but plausible arguments. This issue, known as hallucination, is particularly concerning in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Ahmad Aghaebrahimian

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into our daily lives, the potential harms from deceptive behavior underlie the need for faithfully interpreting their decision-making. While traditional probing methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Anthony Costarelli , Mat Allen , Severin Field

Acquiescence bias, i.e. the tendency of humans to agree with statements in surveys, independent of their actual beliefs, is well researched and documented. Since Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to be very influenceable by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Daniel Braun

We study the tendency of AI systems to deceive by constructing a realistic simulation setting of a company AI assistant. The simulated company employees provide tasks for the assistant to complete, these tasks spanning writing assistance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Olli Järviniemi , Evan Hubinger

Neural language models (LMs) can be used to evaluate the truth of factual statements in two ways: they can be either queried for statement probabilities, or probed for internal representations of truthfulness. Past work has found that these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Kevin Liu , Stephen Casper , Dylan Hadfield-Menell , Jacob Andreas

Evidence plays a crucial role in automated fact-checking. When verifying real-world claims, existing fact-checking systems either assume the evidence sentences are given or use the search snippets returned by the search engine. Such methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Xuming Hu , Junzhe Chen , Zhijiang Guo , Philip S. Yu

People are not very good at detecting lies, which may explain why they refrain from accusing others of lying, given the social costs attached to false accusations - both for the accuser and the accused. Here we consider how this social…

General Economics · Economics 2022-12-09 Alicia von Schenk , Victor Klockmann , Jean-François Bonnefon , Iyad Rahwan , Nils Köbis

Despite advancements in large language models (LLMs), non-factual responses still persist in fact-seeking question answering. Unlike extensive studies on post-hoc detection of these responses, this work studies non-factuality prediction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yanling Wang , Haoyang Li , Hao Zou , Jing Zhang , Xinlei He , Qi Li , Ke Xu

Factual consistency is one of the most important requirements when editing high quality documents. It is extremely important for automatic text generation systems like summarization, question answering, dialog modeling, and language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Tathagata Raha , Mukund Choudhary , Abhinav Menon , Harshit Gupta , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Manish Gupta , Vasudeva Varma

Web search engines are important online information intermediaries that are frequently used and highly trusted by the public despite multiple evidence of their outputs being subjected to inaccuracies and biases. One form of such inaccuracy,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Aleksandra Urman , Mykola Makhortykh , Roberto Ulloa , Juhi Kulshrestha

Language use reveals information about who we are and how we feel1-3. One of the pioneers in text analysis, Walter Weintraub, manually counted which types of words people used in medical interviews and showed that the frequency of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Sophie van der Zee , Ronald Poppe , Alice Havrileck , Aurelien Baillon

The veracity of a factoid is largely independent of the language it is written in. However, language models are inconsistent in their ability to answer the same factual question across languages. This raises questions about how LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Maxim Ifergan , Leshem Choshen , Roee Aharoni , Idan Szpektor , Omri Abend

Building reliable deception detectors for AI systems -- methods that could predict when an AI system is being strategically deceptive without necessarily requiring behavioural evidence -- would be valuable in mitigating risks from advanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Lewis Smith , Bilal Chughtai , Neel Nanda

Pre-trained language models trained on large-scale data have learned serious levels of social biases. Consequently, various methods have been proposed to debias pre-trained models. Debiasing methods need to mitigate only discriminatory bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Masahiro Kaneko , Danushka Bollegala , Naoaki Okazaki

Transformers have been shown to be able to perform deductive reasoning on a logical rulebase containing rules and statements written in English natural language. While the progress is promising, it is currently unclear if these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Soumya Sanyal , Zeyi Liao , Xiang Ren

Communication among humans relies on conversational grounding, allowing interlocutors to reach mutual understanding even when they do not have perfect knowledge and must resolve discrepancies in each other's beliefs. This paper investigates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Clara Lachenmaier , Judith Sieker , Sina Zarrieß

Agents' judgment depends on perception and previous knowledge. Assuming that previous knowledge depends on perception, we can say that judgment depends on perception. So, if judgment depends on perception, can agents judge that they have…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2012-02-21 Ahmed M. Mahran

Algorithms of inference in a computer system oriented to input and semantic processing of text information are presented. Such inference is necessary for logical questions when the direct comparison of objects from a question and database…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-02-02 Yuriy Ostapov