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The advent of clinical language models integrated into electronic health records (EHR) for clinical decision support has marked a significant advancement, leveraging the depth of clinical notes for improved decision-making. Despite their…
Consumer-grade electroencephalography (EEG) devices show promise for Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) applications, but their efficacy in detecting subtle cognitive states remains understudied. We developed a comprehensive study paradigm…
Brain computer interfaces (BCI) depend on reliable realtime detection of conscious EEG changes for example to control a video game. However, scalp recordings are contaminated with non-stationary noise, such as facial muscle activity and eye…
In this paper, we propose a conceptual framework for personalized brain-computer interface (BCI) applications, which can offer an enhanced user experience by customizing services to individual preferences and needs, based on endogenous…
Backdoor attacks involve the injection of a limited quantity of poisoned examples containing triggers into the training dataset. During the inference stage, backdoor attacks can uphold a high level of accuracy for normal examples, yet when…
In recent years, the neural network backdoor hidden in the parameters of the federated learning model has been proved to have great security risks. Considering the characteristics of trigger generation, data poisoning and model training in…
One of the main challenges in electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interface (BCI) systems is learning the subject/session invariant features to classify cognitive activities within an end-to-end discriminative setting. We…
Electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCI) may provide a means of communication for those affected by severe paralysis. However, the relatively low information transfer rates (ITR) of these systems, currently limited…
Backdoor data poisoning is an emerging form of adversarial attack usually against deep neural network image classifiers. The attacker poisons the training set with a relatively small set of images from one (or several) source class(es),…
Recently, backdoor attacks pose a new security threat to the training process of deep neural networks (DNNs). Attackers intend to inject hidden backdoors into DNNs, such that the attacked model performs well on benign samples, whereas its…
With the thriving of deep learning and the widespread practice of using pre-trained networks, backdoor attacks have become an increasing security threat drawing many research interests in recent years. A third-party model can be poisoned in…
An interesting case of the well-known Dataset Shift Problem is the classification of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in the context of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). The non-stationarity of EEG signals can lead to poor generalisation…
Recent research shows deep neural networks are vulnerable to different types of attacks, such as adversarial attack, data poisoning attack and backdoor attack. Among them, backdoor attack is the most cunning one and can occur in almost…
Different functional areas of the human brain play different roles in brain activity, which has not been paid sufficient research attention in the brain-computer interface (BCI) field. This paper presents a new approach for…
The ageing process may lead to cognitive and physical impairments, which may affect elderly everyday life. In recent years, the use of Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) based on Electroencephalography (EEG) has revealed to be particularly…
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer a pathway to restore communication for individuals with severe motor or speech impairments. Imagined handwriting provides an intuitive paradigm for character-level neural decoding, bridging the gap…
Backdoor attack introduces artificial vulnerabilities into the model by poisoning a subset of the training data via injecting triggers and modifying labels. Various trigger design strategies have been explored to attack text classifiers,…
Backdoor attacks have become an emerging threat to NLP systems. By providing poisoned training data, the adversary can embed a "backdoor" into the victim model, which allows input instances satisfying certain textual patterns (e.g.,…
A brain-computer interface (BCI) based on the motor imagery (MI) paradigm translates one's motor intention into a control signal by classifying the Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal of different tasks. However, most existing systems either…
Artificial neural networks are well-known to be susceptible to catastrophic forgetting when continually learning from sequences of tasks. Various continual (or "incremental") learning approaches have been proposed to avoid catastrophic…