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In imitation learning for robotic manipulation, decomposing object manipulation tasks into sub-tasks enables the reuse of learned skills and the combination of learned behaviors to perform novel tasks, rather than simply replicating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Ryo Takizawa , Yoshiyuki Ohmura , Yasuo Kuniyoshi

Vision-language models (VLMs) struggle in open-world applications, where out-of-distribution (OOD) concepts often trigger cross-modal alignment collapse and severely degrade zero-shot performance. We identify the root cause as modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jensen Zhang , Ningyuan Liu , Keze Wang

Large-scale pretraining is fast becoming the norm in Vision-Language (VL) modeling. However, prevailing VL approaches are limited by the requirement for labeled data and the use of complex multi-step pretraining objectives. We present MAGMA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Constantin Eichenberg , Sidney Black , Samuel Weinbach , Letitia Parcalabescu , Anette Frank

Navigating to a designated goal using visual information is a fundamental capability for intelligent robots. To address the practical demands of multi-modal, open-vocabulary goal queries and multi-goal visual navigation, we propose LagMemo,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Haotian Zhou , Xiaole Wang , He Li , Zhuo Qi , Jinrun Yin , Haiyu Kong , Jianghuan Xu , Huijing Zhao

Embodied foundation models are increasingly performant in real-world domains such as robotics or autonomous driving. These models are often deployed in interactive or assistive settings, where it is important that these assistive models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Pradyumna Tambwekar , Andrew Silva , Deepak Gopinath , Jonathan DeCastro , Xiongyi Cui , Guy Rosman

Learning robust visuomotor policies that generalize across diverse objects and interaction dynamics remains a central challenge in robotic manipulation. Most existing approaches rely on direct observation-to-action mappings or compress…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Sangjun Noh , Dongwoo Nam , Kangmin Kim , Geonhyup Lee , Yeonguk Yu , Raeyoung Kang , Kyoobin Lee

Robot learning requires a considerable amount of high-quality data to realize the promise of generalization. However, large data sets are costly to collect in the real world. Physics simulators can cheaply generate vast data sets with broad…

Vision-language-action (VLA) policies have advanced language-conditioned robotic manipulation by transferring semantic priors from pretrained vision-language models to action generation. However, standard action-imitation learning often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zijian Zhang , Yuqing Jiang , Qian Cheng , Xiaofan Li , Si Liu , Ding Zhao , Ping Luo , Weitao Zhou , Haibao Yu

In this paper, we propose a real-world benchmark for studying robotic learning in the context of functional manipulation: a robot needs to accomplish complex long-horizon behaviors by composing individual manipulation skills in functionally…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Jianlan Luo , Charles Xu , Fangchen Liu , Liam Tan , Zipeng Lin , Jeffrey Wu , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine

Generating human grasping poses that accurately reflect both object geometry and user-specified interaction semantics is essential for natural hand-object interactions in AR/VR and embodied AI. However, existing semantic grasping approaches…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xiaofei Wu , Yi Zhang , Yumeng Liu , Yuexin Ma , Yujiao Shi , Xuming He

Foundation models trained on web-scale data have revolutionized robotics, but their application to low-level control remains largely limited to behavioral cloning. Drawing inspiration from the success of the reinforcement learning stage in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Seyed Kamyar Seyed Ghasemipour , Ayzaan Wahid , Jonathan Tompson , Pannag Sanketi , Igor Mordatch

A generalist robot must be able to complete a variety of tasks in its environment. One appealing way to specify each task is in terms of a goal observation. However, learning goal-reaching policies with reinforcement learning remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Stephen Tian , Suraj Nair , Frederik Ebert , Sudeep Dasari , Benjamin Eysenbach , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

Enabling robots to perform novel manipulation tasks from natural language instructions remains a fundamental challenge in robotics, despite significant progress in generalized problem solving with foundational models. Large vision and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yinlong Dai , Benjamin A. Christie , Daniel J. Evans , Dylan P. Losey , Simon Stepputtis

Recent works have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be applied to ground natural language to a wide variety of robot skills. However, in practice, learning multi-task, language-conditioned robotic skills typically requires…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Oier Mees , Jessica Borja-Diaz , Wolfram Burgard

To perform household tasks, assistive robots receive commands in the form of user language instructions for tool manipulation. The initial stage involves selecting the intended tool (i.e., object grounding) and grasping it in a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Chao Tang , Dehao Huang , Lingxiao Meng , Weiyu Liu , Hong Zhang

Training large language models (LLMs) is often bottlenecked by extreme memory demands, with optimizer states dominating the footprint. Recent works mitigates this cost by projecting gradients into low-dimensional subspaces using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Sahar Rajabi , Nayeema Nonta , Samanvay Vajpayee , Sirisha Rambhatla

Modern robotic manipulation primarily relies on visual observations in a 2D color space for skill learning but suffers from poor generalization. In contrast, humans, living in a 3D world, depend more on physical properties-such as distance,…

Robotic grasping is a fundamental capability for enabling autonomous manipulation, with usually infinite solutions. State-of-the-art approaches for grasping rely on learning from large-scale datasets comprising expert annotations of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Manav Kulshrestha , S. Talha Bukhari , Damon Conover , Aniket Bera

Behavior-cloning based visuomotor policies enable precise manipulation but often inherit the slow, cautious tempo of human demonstrations, limiting practical deployment. However, prior studies on acceleration methods mainly rely on…

Despite advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, robotic manipulation struggles with fine-grained tasks because current models lack mechanisms for active visual attention allocation. Human gaze naturally encodes intent, planning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Anupam Pani , Yanchao Yang