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We propose an algorithm for variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) to optimize the structure of parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) efficiently. The algorithm optimizes the PQC structure on-the-fly in VQA by sequentially replacing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-17 Kaito Wada , Rudy Raymond , Yuki Sato , Hiroshi C. Watanabe

Quantum Machine Learning is an emerging sub-field in machine learning where one of the goals is to perform pattern recognition tasks by encoding data into quantum states. This extension from classical to quantum domain has been made…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-18 Ankit Kulshrestha , Xiaoyuan Liu , Hayato Ushijima-Mwesigwa , Ilya Safro

There is no unique way to encode a quantum algorithm into a quantum circuit. With limited qubit counts, connectivities, and coherence times, circuit optimization is essential to make the best use of near-term quantum devices. We introduce…

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) have emerged as a powerful class of algorithms that is highly suitable for noisy quantum devices. Therefore, investigating their design has become key in quantum computing research. Previous works have…

Parameterized quantum circuits (PQC, aka, variational quantum circuits) are among the proposals for a computational advantage over classical computation of near-term (not fault tolerant) digital quantum computers. PQCs have to be "trained"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-01 Evgenii Dolzhkov , Bahman Ghandchi , Dirk Oliver Theis

Quantum computing has the potential to outperform classical computers and is expected to play an active role in various fields. In quantum machine learning, a quantum computer has been found useful for enhanced feature representation and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-26 Masaya Watabe , Kodai Shiba , Masaru Sogabe , Katsuyoshi Sakamoto , Tomah Sogabe

Parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) have been broadly used as a hybrid quantum-classical machine learning scheme to accomplish generative tasks. However, whether PQCs have better expressive power than classical generative neural networks,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 Yuxuan Du , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Tongliang Liu , Dacheng Tao

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have emerged as the leading strategy to obtain quantum advantage on the current noisy intermediate-scale devices. However, their entanglement-trainability correlation, as the major reason for the barren…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Shikun Zhang , Yang Zhou , Zheng Qin , Rui Li , Chunxiao Du , Zhisong Xiao , Yongyou Zhang

Parameterized Quantum Circuits (PQCs) are essential to quantum machine learning and optimization algorithms. The expressibility of PQCs, which measures their ability to represent a wide range of quantum states, is a critical factor…

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm is gaining interest for its potential use in near-term quantum devices. In the VQE algorithm, parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) are employed to prepare quantum states, which are then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-29 Atsushi Matsuo , Yudai Suzuki , Ikko Hamamura , Shigeru Yamashita

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) offer the most promising path to obtaining quantum advantages via noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors. Such systems leverage classical optimization to tune the parameters of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-26 Sharu Theresa Jose , Osvaldo Simeone

Gradient-based algorithms, popular strategies to optimization problems, are essential for many modern machine-learning techniques. Theoretically, extreme points of certain cost functions can be found iteratively along the directions of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Keren Li , Pan Gao , Shijie Wei , Jiancun Gao , Guilu Long

Quantum Variational Circuits (QVCs) are often claimed as one of the most potent uses of both near term and long term quantum hardware. The standard approaches to optimizing these circuits rely on a classical system to compute the new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-11 Owen Lockwood

In the context of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computing, parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) represent a promising paradigm for tackling challenges in quantum sensing, optimal control, optimization, and machine learning on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Dantong Li , Dikshant Dulal , Mykhailo Ohorodnikov , Hanrui Wang , Yongshan Ding

Advancements in quantum computing have spurred significant interest in harnessing its potential for speedups over classical systems. However, noise remains a major obstacle to achieving reliable quantum algorithms. In this work, we present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 Lucas Tecot , Di Luo , Cho-Jui Hsieh

This work shows that minimizing the depth of a quantum circuit composed of commuting operations reduces to a vertex coloring problem on an appropriately constructed graph, where gates correspond to vertices and edges encode…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Hochang Lee , Kyung Chul Jeong , Panjin Kim

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) offers tremendous potential but is currently limited by the availability of qubits. We introduce an innovative approach that utilizes pre-trained neural networks to enhance Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Jun Qi , Chao-Han Yang , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Pin-Yu Chen , Hector Zenil , Jesper Tegner

Combining classical optimization with parameterized quantum circuit evaluation, variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are among the most promising algorithms in near-term quantum computing. Similar to neural networks (NNs), VQAs iteratively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Zhehao Yi , Yanying Liang , Haozhen Situ

There has been intensive research on increasing the utility and performance of Parameterized Quantum Circuits (PQCs) in the past couple of years. Owing to this research, there are now several inductive biases available to a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Ankit Kulshrestha , Sarvagya Upadhyay

Recent work has begun to explore the potential of parametrized quantum circuits (PQCs) as general function approximators. In this work, we propose a quantum-classical deep network structure to enhance classical CNN model discriminability.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-10 Tong Dou , Guofeng Zhang , Wei Cui