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Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is a nanoscale imaging technique that can utilize several powerful contrast mechanisms for the quantitative mapping of chemical and physical materials properties. Spatial resolutions down to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-27 Simone Finizio , Benjamin Watts , Benedikt Rösner , Tim A. Butcher , Sebastian Wintz , Markus Weigand , Jörg Raabe

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) images of regularly arranged spatially periodic objects can be processed crystallographically. The resulting information may be used to remove from the SPM image distortions that are due to a less than…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-16 Peter Moeck

Nanoscale manufacturing requires high-precision surface inspection to guarantee the quality of the produced nanostructures. For production environments, angle-resolved scatterometry offers a non- invasive and in-line compatible alternative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Mehdi Abdollahpour , Carsten Bockelmann , Tajim Md Hasibur Rahman , Armin Dekorsy , Andreas Fischer

Statistical shape modeling (SSM) is an essential tool for analyzing variations in anatomical morphology. In a typical SSM pipeline, 3D anatomical images, gone through segmentation and rigid registration, are represented using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Hong Xu , Shireen Y. Elhabian

A low-temperature ultra-high vacuum scanning probe microscopy (SPM) system with molecular beam epitaxy capability and optical access was conceived, built, and tested in our lab. The design of the whole system is discussed here, with special…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-03-09 Ze-Bin Wu , Zhao-Yan Gao , Xi-Ya Chen , Yu-Qing Xing , Huan Yang , Geng Li , Ruisong Ma , Aiwei Wang , Jiahao Yan , Chengmin Shen , Shixuan Du , Qing Huan , Hong-Jun Gao

Progress in functional materials discovery has been accelerated by advances in high throughput materials synthesis and by the development of high-throughput computation. However, a complementary robust and high throughput structural…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-11-30 Jiadong Dan , Xiaoxu Zhao , Shoucong Ning , Jiong Lu , Kian Ping Loh , N. Duane Loh , Stephen J. Pennycook

Single-beam scanning microscopy (SBSM) is one of the most robust strategies for commercial optical systems. Although structured illumination combined with Fourier-domain spatial spectrum fusion can enhance SBSM resolution beyond the…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-15 Yongtao Liu , Tianxiao Wu , Xiao Zhou , Fan Wang

Learning meaningful and interpretable representations from high-dimensional volumetric magnetic resonance (MR) images is essential for advancing personalized medicine. While Vision Transformers (ViTs) have shown promise in handling image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Qingqiao Hu , Daoan Zhang , Jiebo Luo , Zhenyu Gong , Benedikt Wiestler , Jianguo Zhang , Hongwei Bran Li

Scanning near-field optical microscopy is one of the most effective techniques for spectroscopy of nanoscale systems. However, inferring optical constants from the measured near-field signal can be challenging because of a complicated and…

Optics · Physics 2023-04-19 Yueqi Zhao , Xinzhong Chen , Ziheng Yao , Mengkun Liu , Michael M. Fogler

Super-resolution microscopy is crucial for imaging sub-wavelength biological structures. However, most techniques rely on nonlinear saturation or stochastic switching of emitters, limiting imaging speed and increasing phototoxicity. Here,…

Virtual screening of small molecules against protein targets can accelerate drug discovery and development by predicting drug-target interactions (DTIs). However, structure-based methods like molecular docking are too slow to allow for…

RNA structure determination is essential for understanding its biological functions. However, the reconstruction process often faces challenges, such as atomic clashes, which can lead to inaccurate models. To address these challenges, we…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-04 Menghao Wu , Zhigang Yao

Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) enables atomic-resolution imaging and atom manipulation, but its utility is often limited by tip degradation and slow serial data acquisition. Fabrication adds another layer of complexity since the tip…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Nikola L. Kolev , Tommaso Rodani , Neil J. Curson , Taylor J. Z. Stock , Alberto Cazzaniga

A method for subsurface visualization and characterization of hidden subsurface nano-structures based on Scanning Tuneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy (STM/STS) has been developed. The nano-objects buried under a metal surface up to several…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Oleg Kurnosikov , Muriel Sicot , Emilie Gaudry , Danielle Pierre , Yuan Lu , Stéphane Mangin

This book chapter reviews progress in crystallographic image processing (CIP) for scanning probe microscopy (SPM) that has occurred since our description of the technique was first put into open access in this book series in the year 2010.…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-02 Peter Moeck

High-throughput computational screening of polymers offers a powerful way to address the imbalance between the vast number of polymers synthesised for diverse applications and the relatively small subset that can be studied using atomistic…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-12 Lois Smith , Samuel Ericson , Vittoria Fantauzzo , Chin Yong , Paola Carbone , Alessandro Troisi

Deep-learning algorithms enable precise image recognition based on high-dimensional hierarchical image features. Here, we report the development and implementation of a deep-learning-based image segmentation algorithm in an autonomous…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-26 Satoru Masubuchi , Eisuke Watanabe , Yuta Seo , Shota Okazaki , Takao Sasagawa , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Tomoki Machida

Key circumstance of radical progress for technology of XXI century is the development of a technique which provides controllable producing three-dimensional patterns incorporating regions of nanometer sizes and required physical and…

Over the last two decades, spatial light modulators (SLMs) have revolutionised our ability to shape optical fields. They grant independent dynamic control over thousands of degrees-of-freedom within a single light beam. In this work we test…

Recently, anomaly detection and localization in multimedia data have received significant attention among the machine learning community. In real-world applications such as medical diagnosis and industrial defect detection, anomalies only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Chaoqin Huang , Qinwei Xu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang , Ya Zhang