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Diffusion Policy is a powerful technique tool for learning end-to-end visuomotor robot control. It is expected that Diffusion Policy possesses scalability, a key attribute for deep neural networks, typically suggesting that increasing model…

We propose Diffusion Model Predictive Control (D-MPC), a novel MPC approach that learns a multi-step action proposal and a multi-step dynamics model, both using diffusion models, and combines them for use in online MPC. On the popular D4RL…

Learning domain adaptive policies that can generalize to unseen transition dynamics, remains a fundamental challenge in learning-based control. Substantial progress has been made through domain representation learning to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Pengcheng Wang , Qinghang Liu , Haotian Lin , Yiheng Li , Guojian Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Yixiao Wang

Few-step diffusion models enable efficient high-resolution image synthesis but struggle to align with specific downstream objectives due to limitations of existing reinforcement learning (RL) methods in low-step regimes with limited state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ziyi Zhang , Li Shen , Sen Zhang , Deheng Ye , Yong Luo , Miaojing Shi , Dongjing Shan , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

With the increasing availability of open-source robotic data, imitation learning has become a promising approach for both manipulation and locomotion. Diffusion models are now widely used to train large, generalized policies that predict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Shashank Hegde , Satyajeet Das , Gautam Salhotra , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

Goal-conditioned dynamic manipulation is inherently challenging due to complex system dynamics and stringent task constraints, particularly in deformable object scenarios characterized by high degrees of freedom and underactuation. Prior…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Guanzhou Lan , Yuqi Yang , Anup Teejo Mathew , Feiping Nie , Rong Wang , Xuelong Li , Federico Renda , Bin Zhao

Aligning Diffusion models has achieved remarkable breakthroughs in generating high-quality, human preference-aligned images. Existing techniques, such as supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and DPO-style preference optimization, have become…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zening Sun , Zhengpeng Xie , Lichen Bai , Shitong Shao , Shuo Yang , Zeke Xie

Controllable diffusion generation often relies on various heuristics that are seemingly disconnected without a unified understanding. We bridge this gap with Diffusion Controller (DiffCon), a unified control-theoretic view that casts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Tong Yang , Moonkyung Ryu , Chih-Wei Hsu , Guy Tennenholtz , Yuejie Chi , Craig Boutilier , Bo Dai

Despite strong image-generation performance, diffusion models' reconstruction objectives limit alignment with human preferences. RL enables such alignment through explicit rewards. However, most studies apply RL to the full denoising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Renye Yan , Jikang Cheng , Shikun Sun , Yi Sun , You Wu , Wei Peng , Zongwei Wang , Ling Liang , Junliang Xing , Yimao Cai

When tackling complex problems, humans naturally break them down into smaller, manageable subtasks and adjust their initial plans based on observations. For instance, if you want to make coffee at a friend's place, you might initially plan…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zihan Ye , Oleg Arenz , Kristian Kersting

The performance of optimization-based robot motion planning algorithms is highly dependent on the initial solutions, commonly obtained by running a sampling-based planner to obtain a collision-free path. However, these methods can be slow…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-15 J. Carvalho , A. Le , P. Kicki , D. Koert , J. Peters

Transfer learning of diffusion models to smaller target domains is challenging, as naively fine-tuning the model often results in poor generalization. Test-time guidance methods help mitigate this by offering controllable improvements in…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yara Bahram , Mohammadhadi Shateri , Eric Granger

Recent research has shown that fine-tuning diffusion models (DMs) with arbitrary rewards, including non-differentiable ones, is feasible with reinforcement learning (RL) techniques, enabling flexible model alignment. However, applying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Zhiwei Jia , Yuesong Nan , Huixi Zhao , Gengdai Liu

Recent advancements in diffusion models have made fine-tuning text-to-image models for personalization increasingly accessible, but have also raised significant concerns regarding unauthorized data usage and privacy infringement. Current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Hojun Lee , Mijin Koo , Yeji Song , Nojun Kwak

Diffusion models trained on large-scale datasets have achieved remarkable progress in image synthesis. However, due to the randomness in the diffusion process, they often struggle with handling diverse low-level tasks that require details…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Yuhao Liu , Zhanghan Ke , Fang Liu , Nanxuan Zhao , Rynson W. H. Lau

Diffusion models excel at modeling complex data distributions, including those of images, proteins, and small molecules. However, in many cases, our goal is to model parts of the distribution that maximize certain properties: for example,…

Diffusion policies are becoming mainstream in robotic manipulation but suffer from hard negative class imbalance due to uniform sampling and lack of sample difficulty awareness, leading to slow training convergence and frequent inference…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Xinglei Yu , Zhenyang Liu , Shufeng Nan , Simo Wu , Yanwei Fu

Modeling generalized robot control policies poses ongoing challenges for language-guided robot manipulation tasks. Existing methods often struggle to efficiently utilize cross-dataset resources or rely on resource-intensive vision-language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Wenhui Tan , Bei Liu , Junbo Zhang , Ruihua Song , Jianlong Fu

The conditional diffusion model has been demonstrated as an efficient tool for learning robot policies, owing to its advancement to accurately model the conditional distribution of policies. The intricate nature of real-world scenarios,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Wenhao Yu , Jie Peng , Huanyu Yang , Junrui Zhang , Yifan Duan , Jianmin Ji , Yanyong Zhang

Training an agent to achieve particular goals or perform desired behaviors is often accomplished through reinforcement learning, especially in the absence of expert demonstrations. However, supporting novel goals or behaviors through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Calvin Luo , Mandy He , Zilai Zeng , Chen Sun