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Word embeddings represent words as multidimensional real vectors, facilitating data analysis and processing, but are often challenging to interpret. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) creates clearer semantic axes by identifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Rongzhi Li , Takeru Matsuda , Hitomi Yanaka

This study utilizes Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to unveil a consistent semantic structure within embeddings of words or images. Our approach extracts independent semantic components from the embeddings of a pre-trained model by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Hiroaki Yamagiwa , Momose Oyama , Hidetoshi Shimodaira

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is an algorithm originally developed for finding separate sources in a mixed signal, such as a recording of multiple people in the same room speaking at the same time. Unlike Principal Component Analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Tomáš Musil , David Mareček

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a statistical method for transforming an observable multi-dimensional random vector into components that are as statistically independent as possible from each other. Usually the ICA framework assumes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-21 Amichai Painsky

A central problem in unsupervised deep learning is how to find useful representations of high-dimensional data, sometimes called "disentanglement". Most approaches are heuristic and lack a proper theoretical foundation. In linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Aapo Hyvarinen , Ilyes Khemakhem , Hiroshi Morioka

Cosine similarity is widely used to measure the similarity between two embeddings, while interpretations based on angle and correlation coefficient are common. In this study, we focus on the interpretable axes of embeddings transformed by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Hiroaki Yamagiwa , Momose Oyama , Hidetoshi Shimodaira

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a foundational tool for unsupervised representation learning, yet its high-dimensional theory remains largely limited to single-component recovery. We develop an asymptotically exact mean-field theory…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Eser Ilke Genc , Samet Demir , Zafer Dogan

Word embedding is one of the most important components in natural language processing, but interpreting high-dimensional embeddings remains a challenging problem. To address this problem, Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is identified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Hiroaki Yamagiwa , Yusuke Takase , Hidetoshi Shimodaira

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a statistical tool that decomposes an observed random vector into components that are as statistically independent as possible. ICA over finite fields is a special case of ICA, in which both the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-14 Amichai Painsky , Saharon Rosset , Meir Feder

A framework named Copula Component Analysis (CCA) for blind source separation is proposed as a generalization of Independent Component Analysis (ICA). It differs from ICA which assumes independence of sources that the underlying components…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jian Ma , Zengqi Sun

The statistical dependencies which independent component analysis (ICA) cannot remove often provide rich information beyond the linear independent components. It would thus be very useful to estimate the dependency structure from data.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-28 Hiroaki Sasaki , Michael U. Gutmann , Hayaru Shouno , Aapo Hyvärinen

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a technique for unsupervised exploration of multi-channel data that is widely used in observational sciences. In its classic form, ICA relies on modeling the data as linear mixtures of non-Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-01 Pierre Ablin , Jean-François Cardoso , Alexandre Gramfort

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a fundamental unsupervised learning technique foruncovering latent structure in data by separating mixed signals into their independent sources. While substantial progress has been made in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yuwen Jiang

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a method for recovering statistically independent signals from observations of unknown linear combinations of the sources. Some of the most accurate ICA decomposition methods require searching for the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-23 Matan Sela , Ron Kimmel

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a statistical method for transforming an observable multidimensional random vector into components that are as statistically independent as possible from each other.Usually the ICA framework assumes a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-08-21 Amichai Painsky , Saharon Rosset , Meir Feder

Independent component analysis (ICA) is linked up with the problem of estimating a non linear functional of a density, for which optimal estimators are well known. The precision of ICA is analyzed from the viewpoint of functional spaces in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Pascal Barbedor

Independent component analysis (ICA) has become a standard data analysis technique applied to an array of problems in signal processing and machine learning. This tutorial provides an introduction to ICA based on linear algebra formulating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-04-14 Jonathon Shlens

Independent component analysis (ICA) has often been used as a tool to model natural image statistics by separating multivariate signals in the image into components that are assumed to be independent. However, these estimated components…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Zhimin Chen , Darius Parvin , Maedbh King , Susan Hao

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a blind source separation method for linear disentanglement of independent latent sources from observed data. We investigate the special setting of noisy linear ICA where the observations are split…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Teodora Pandeva , Patrick Forré

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) aims to find a coordinate system in which the components of the data are independent. In this paper we construct a new nonlinear ICA model, called WICA, which obtains better and more stable results than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Andrzej Bedychaj , Przemysław Spurek , Aleksandra Nowak , Jacek Tabor
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