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Survival time prediction from medical images is important for treatment planning, where accurate estimations can improve healthcare quality. One issue affecting the training of survival models is censored data. Most of the current survival…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Renato Hermoza , Gabriel Maicas , Jacinto C. Nascimento , Gustavo Carneiro

One straightforward metric to evaluate a survival prediction model is based on the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) -- the average of the absolute difference between the time predicted by the model and the true event time, over all subjects.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Shi-ang Qi , Neeraj Kumar , Mahtab Farrokh , Weijie Sun , Li-Hao Kuan , Rajesh Ranganath , Ricardo Henao , Russell Greiner

Complex data features, such as unmodelled censored event times and variables with time-dependent effects, are common in cancer recurrence studies and pose challenges for Bayesian survival modelling. Current methodologies for predictive…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-12 Saku Suorsa , Aki Vehtari

Personalized head and neck cancer therapeutics have greatly improved survival rates for patients, but are often leading to understudied long-lasting symptoms which affect quality of life. Sequential rule mining (SRM) is a promising…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Carla Floricel , Andrew Wentzel , Abdallah Mohamed , C. David Fuller , Guadalupe Canahuate , G. Elisabeta Marai

Interval-censored data analysis is important in biomedical statistics for any type of time-to-event response where the time of response is not known exactly, but rather only known to occur between two assessment times. Many clinical trials…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-12 Weichi Yao , Halina Frydman , Jeffrey S. Simonoff

Survival analysis is an essential tool for the study of health data. An inherent component of such data is the presence of missing values. In recent years, researchers proposed new learning algorithms for survival tasks based on neural…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-27 Paul Dufossé , Sébastien Benzekry

In this paper, we propose a flexible model for survival analysis using neural networks along with scalable optimization algorithms. One key technical challenge for directly applying maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) to censored data is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-07 Weijing Tang , Jiaqi Ma , Qiaozhu Mei , Ji Zhu

Discrimination and calibration represent two important properties of survival analysis, with the former assessing the model's ability to accurately rank subjects and the latter evaluating the alignment of predicted outcomes with actual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Shi-ang Qi , Yakun Yu , Russell Greiner

Interval-censored data, in which the event time is only known to lie in some time interval, arise commonly in practice; for example, in a medical study in which patients visit clinics or hospitals at pre-scheduled times, and the events of…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-21 Wei Fu , Jeffrey S. Simonoff

Accurately predicting the survival of cancer patients is crucial for personalized treatment. However, existing studies focus solely on the relationships between samples with known survival risks, without fully leveraging the value of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Hailin Yue , Hulin Kuang , Jin Liu , Junjian Li , Lanlan Wang , Mengshen He , Jianxin Wang

In survival analysis, estimating the conditional survival function given predictors is often of interest. There is a growing trend in the development of deep learning methods for analyzing censored time-to-event data, especially when…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-13 Sehwan Kim , Rui Wang , Wenbin Lu

Survival analysis studies and predicts the time of death, or other singular unrepeated events, based on historical data, while the true time of death for some instances is unknown. Survival trees enable the discovery of complex nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Tim Huisman , Jacobus G. M. van der Linden , Emir Demirović

In this paper, we propose the use of causal inference techniques for survival function estimation and prediction for subgroups of the data, upto individual units. Tree ensemble methods, specifically random forests were modified for this…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-03-23 Vikas Ramachandra

Survival analysis provides a powerful statistical framework for modeling time-to-event outcomes in the presence of censoring. However, selecting an appropriate estimator from the many specialized survival approaches often requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Shi-ang Qi , Vahid Balazadeh , Michael Cooper , Russell Greiner , Rahul G. Krishnan

In recent years, there has been growing interest in causal machine learning estimators for quantifying subject-specific effects of a binary treatment on time-to-event outcomes. Estimation approaches have been proposed which attenuate the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-30 Matthew Pryce , Karla Diaz-Ordaz , Ruth H. Keogh , Stijn Vansteelandt

Concept-based learning enhances prediction accuracy and interpretability by leveraging high-level, human-understandable concepts. However, existing CBL frameworks do not address survival analysis tasks, which involve predicting event times…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Stanislav R. Kirpichenko , Lev V. Utkin , Andrei V. Konstantinov , Natalya M. Verbova

Estimating causal effects on time-to-event outcomes from observational data is particularly challenging due to censoring, limited sample sizes, and non-random treatment assignment. The need for answering such "when-if" questions--how the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Jessy Xinyi Han , Devavrat Shah

Over the last decades, many prognostic models based on artificial intelligence techniques have been used to provide detailed predictions in healthcare. Unfortunately, the real-world observational data used to train and validate these models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Alice Bernasconi , Alessio Zanga , Peter J. F. Lucas , Marco Scutari , Fabio Stella

The abundance of modern health data provides many opportunities for the use of machine learning techniques to build better statistical models to improve clinical decision making. Predicting time-to-event distributions, also known as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-15 Zidi Xiu , Chenyang Tao , Benjamin A. Goldstein , Ricardo Henao

Accurate survival prediction is crucial for development of precision cancer medicine, creating the need for new sources of prognostic information. Recently, there has been significant interest in exploiting routinely collected clinical and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Sejin Kim , Michal Kazmierski , Benjamin Haibe-Kains