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Recently, reinforcement learning has become a promising and polular solution for robot legged locomotion. Compared to model-based control, reinforcement learning based controllers can achieve better robustness against uncertainties of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Yikai Wang , Zheyuan Jiang , Jianyu Chen

Quadrupedal locomotion plays a critical role in enabling agile, versatile movement across complex terrains. Understanding and estimating the underlying physical dynamics are essential for achieving efficient and stable quadrupedal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Aman Arora , Nalini Ratha

In this work, we introduce a control framework that combines model-based footstep planning with Reinforcement Learning (RL), leveraging desired footstep patterns derived from the Linear Inverted Pendulum (LIP) dynamics. Utilizing the LIP…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Ho Jae Lee , Seungwoo Hong , Sangbae Kim

Humans are able to negotiate downstep behaviors -- both planned and unplanned -- with remarkable agility and ease. The goal of this paper is to systematically study the translation of this human behavior to bipedal walking robots, even if…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Joris Verhagen , Xiaobin Xiong , Aaron Ames , Ajay Seth

Humans exhibit diverse and expressive whole-body movements. However, attaining human-like whole-body coordination in humanoid robots remains challenging, as conventional approaches that mimic whole-body motions often neglect the distinct…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jiyuan Shi , Xinzhe Liu , Dewei Wang , Ouyang Lu , Sören Schwertfeger , Chi Zhang , Fuchun Sun , Chenjia Bai , Xuelong Li

This paper presents a hierarchical framework for Deep Reinforcement Learning that acquires motor skills for a variety of push recovery and balancing behaviors, i.e., ankle, hip, foot tilting, and stepping strategies. The policy is trained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Chuanyu Yang , Kai Yuan , Wolfgang Merkt , Taku Komura , Sethu Vijayakumar , Zhibin Li

While it is expected to build robotic limbs with multiple degrees of freedom (DoF) inspired by nature, a single DoF design remains fundamental, providing benefits that include, but are not limited to, simplicity, robustness,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yuping Gu , Bangchao Huang , Haoran Sun , Ronghan Xu , Jiayi Yin , Wei Zhang , Fang Wan , Jia Pan , Chaoyang Song

The objective of this work is to design a mechatronic bipedal robot with mobility in 3D environments. The designed robot has a total of six actuated degrees of freedom (DoF), each leg has two DoF located at the hip: one for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-22 German Vargas , Margarita Berrio , Jaime Arcos-Legarda

Reinforcement learning (RL) controllers have made impressive progress in humanoid locomotion and light-weight object manipulation. However, achieving robust and precise motion control with intense force interaction remains a significant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chenhui Dong , Haozhe Xu , Wenhao Feng , Zhipeng Wang , Yanmin Zhou , Yifei Zhao , Bin He

Bipedal locomotion makes humanoid robots inherently prone to falls, causing catastrophic damage to the expensive sensors, actuators, and structural components of full-scale robots. To address this critical barrier to real-world deployment,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ziyu Meng , Tengyu Liu , Le Ma , Yingying Wu , Ran Song , Wei Zhang , Siyuan Huang

The human nervous system exhibits bilateral symmetry, enabling coordinated and balanced movements. However, existing Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) methods for humanoid robots neglect morphological symmetry of the robot, leading to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Buqing Nie , Yang Zhang , Rongjun Jin , Zhanxiang Cao , Huangxuan Lin , Xiaokang Yang , Yue Gao

We introduce $\Psi_0$ (Psi-Zero), an open foundation model to address challenging humanoid loco-manipulation tasks. While existing approaches often attempt to address this fundamental problem by co-training on large and diverse human and…

Reliable and stable locomotion has been one of the most fundamental challenges for legged robots. Deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) has emerged as a promising method for developing such control policies autonomously. In this paper, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Sehoon Ha , Peng Xu , Zhenyu Tan , Sergey Levine , Jie Tan

Hybrid locomotion, which combines multiple modalities of locomotion within a single robot, enables robots to carry out complex tasks in diverse environments. This paper presents a novel method for planning multi-modal locomotion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-05 H. J. Terry Suh , Xiaobin Xiong , Andrew Singletary , Aaron D. Ames , Joel W. Burdick

Trajectory optimization (TO) is one of the most powerful tools for generating feasible motions for humanoid robots. However, including uncertainties and stochasticity in the TO problem to generate robust motions can easily lead to…

Legged robots can outperform wheeled machines for most navigation tasks across unknown and rough terrains. For such tasks, visual feedback is a fundamental asset to provide robots with terrain-awareness. However, robust dynamic locomotion…

This paper summarizes an autonomous driving project by musculoskeletal humanoids. The musculoskeletal humanoid, which mimics the human body in detail, has redundant sensors and a flexible body structure. These characteristics are suitable…

The integration of Supernumerary Limbs (SLs) on humanoid robots poses a significant stability challenge due to the dynamic perturbations they introduce. This thesis addresses this issue by designing a novel hierarchical control architecture…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Bowen Zhi

This paper systematically decomposes a quadrupedal robot into bipeds to rapidly generate walking gaits and then recomposes these gaits to obtain quadrupedal locomotion. We begin by decomposing the full-order, nonlinear and hybrid dynamics…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Wen-Loong Ma , Aaron D Ames

Developing robust walking controllers for bipedal robots is a challenging endeavor. Traditional model-based locomotion controllers require simplifying assumptions and careful modelling; any small errors can result in unstable control. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Zhongyu Li , Xuxin Cheng , Xue Bin Peng , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine , Glen Berseth , Koushil Sreenath